Flotation is a potential method for extracting residual copper sulfide (CuS) from the acid-leaching residue of copper smelting dust; however, the inhibitory impact of Bi(III) in the flotation pulp significantly hampers its practical application. In this study, we systematically investigated the inhibition mechanism of Bi(III) on CuS flotation and propose a method to prevent inhibition. Microflotation test results show that a pulp environment with pH 3 and a Bi(III) concentration greater than 1 × 10–2 mol/L significantly depresses the floatability of CuS. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy results confirmed that Bi(III) hydrolyzes on the surface of CuS to form a precipitate cover layer, which adsorbs onto the surface of CuS. This precipitate was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis and thermodynamic calculations to be BiOCl. Fourier transform infrared analysis revealed that BiOCl reduces the recovery of CuS by hindering the adsorption of xanthate. Finally, the pre-treatment of the leaching residue with H2SO4 + NaCl solution can dissolve BiOCl precipitates on the surface of CuS, eliminate the influence of Bi(III), and result in efficient flotation recovery of CuS from leaching residue.

中文翻译：

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Bi（III） 对铜冶炼粉尘浸出残渣硫化铜浮选的影响


浮选是从铜冶炼粉尘的酸浸残渣中提取残留硫化铜 （CuS） 的一种潜在方法;然而，Bi（III） 在浮选浆中的抑制作用显着阻碍了其实际应用。在这项研究中，我们系统地研究了 Bi（III） 对 CuS 浮选的抑制机制，并提出了一种防止抑制的方法。微浮选试验结果表明，pH 值为 3 且 Bi（III） 浓度大于 1 × 10–2 mol/L 的纸浆环境会显著降低 CuS 的可浮性。扫描电子显微镜和能量色散光谱结果证实，Bi（III） 在 CuS 表面水解形成沉淀覆盖层，吸附在 CuS 表面。该沉淀物通过 X 射线光电子能谱分析和热力学计算证实为 BiOCl。傅里叶变换红外分析表明，BiOCl 通过阻碍黄原酸盐的吸附来降低 CuS 的回收率。最后，用 H2SO4 + NaCl 溶液对浸出渣进行预处理，可以溶解 CuS 表面的 BiOCl 沉淀物，消除 Bi（III） 的影响，从而从浸出渣中高效浮选回收 CuS。