People's fear of being negatively stereotyped or devalued based on one or more of their social identities — social identity threat — contributes to negative anticipated experiences in interracial interactions. Prior research, however, has largely failed to consider the role of gender in shaping people's experiences in interracial interactions. To address this gap, the present research examined the implications of anticipated cross-gender interracial interactions among Black and Latina women who experience social identity threat based on their multiple marginalized identities. Across three studies, Black and Latina women imagined (Study 1) or anticipated (Studies 2 and 3) an interaction with a White man or a White woman. In the third study, Black and Latina women anticipated a cross-gender (vs. gender-matched) interaction with a same race/ethnicity partner or White partner. Compared to women who expected to interact with a White female partner, Black and Latina women who imagined or anticipated an interaction with a White male partner reported more perceived partner prejudice. Greater perceived partner prejudice, in turn, increased their levels of social identity threat, which predicted more anticipated negative interpersonal outcomes (e.g., anticipated trust and belonging, friendship interest) in the interaction. These results suggest that for Black and Latina women, the negative effects of interracial interactions may be most pronounced in cross-gender interracial interactions.

中文翻译：

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性别在塑造黑人和拉丁裔女性在预期的跨种族互动中的经历中的作用


人们害怕基于他们的一个或多个社会身份（社会身份威胁）而被负面刻板印象或贬低，这导致了跨种族互动中的负面预期体验。然而，以前的研究在很大程度上没有考虑性别在塑造人们在跨种族互动中的体验中的作用。为了解决这一差距，本研究考察了黑人和拉丁裔女性之间预期的跨性别跨种族互动的影响，这些女性因其多重边缘化身份而遭受社会身份威胁。在三项研究中，黑人和拉丁裔女性想象（研究 1）或预期（研究 2 和 3）与白人男性或白人女性互动。在第三项研究中，黑人和拉丁裔女性预期与同一种族/族裔伴侣或白人伴侣进行跨性别（与性别匹配）互动。与期望与白人女性伴侣互动的女性相比，想象或预期与白人男性伴侣互动的黑人和拉丁裔女性报告了更多的伴侣偏见感知。反过来，更大的感知伴侣偏见增加了他们的社会身份威胁水平，这预示着互动中更预期的负面人际结果（例如，预期的信任和归属感、友谊兴趣）。这些结果表明，对于黑人和拉丁裔女性来说，跨种族互动的负面影响可能在跨性别跨种族互动中最为明显。