The stable structure and material combination design significantly improve the performance of electrochemical energy storage and water splitting. In the present study, we developed a ZCO@Ni-MOF core-shell structure over a nickel foam electrode, which is synthesized through a two-step hydrothermal treatment. The developed material is comprehensively analyzed to confirm structural, chemical, electronic, surface, and morphological characteristics using X-ray diffractometer (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Electrochemical investigations using a three-electrode system revealed that ZCO@Ni-MOF demonstrated an impressive specific capacitance of 1800 F g⁻¹ at a current density of 2 A g⁻¹ in a 1 M KOH electrolyte. The electrochemical findings are consistent across various electrochemical techniques. Furthermore, in-depth studies regarding p-n junction formation, interlayer spacing, and reaction kinetics studies are briefly analyzed with Mott-Schottky, Ex-situ XRD, and operando impedance studies. Moreover, an asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) is assembled with ZCO@Ni-MOF as the positive electrode and activated carbon as the negative electrode in a Swagelok cell. This configuration demonstrated an energy density of 13.6 Wh kg⁻¹ at a power density of 225 W kg⁻¹. The ASC exhibited performance by retaining 91% of its initial capacity even after 1500 cycles. For practical demonstration, two ASCs are fabricated and assembled in series to light up an LED, and the light-up duration is analyzed. For the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) study, the ZCO@Ni-MOF-based electrode exhibited activity with a lower overpotential of 340 mV (50 mA cm⁻²) in an alkaline environment and was responsible for stability for about 10 h. This combination reiterates the promising material aspects in energy storage and conversion devices, instilling hope for its potential applications.

中文翻译：

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用于非对称超级电容器和电催化析氧反应应用的异质结构 ZnCo2O4@Ni-MOF 电极的开发


稳定的结构和材料组合设计显著提高了电化学储能和水分解的性能。在本研究中，我们在泡沫镍电极上开发了一种 ZCO@Ni-MOF 核壳结构，该结构是通过两步水热处理合成的。使用 X 射线衍射仪 （XRD）、X 射线光电子能谱 （XPS）、衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外 （ATR-FTIR） 光谱、扫描电子显微镜 （SEM） 和透射电子显微镜 （TEM） 对开发的材料进行全面分析，以确认其结构、化学、电子、表面和形态特性。使用三电极系统的电化学研究表明，在 1 M KOH 电解质中，在 2 A ^g-1 的电流密度下，ZCO@Ni-MOF 表现出令人印象深刻的 1800 F ^g-1 的比电容。电化学结果在各种电化学技术中是一致的。此外，通过莫特-肖特基、非原位 XRD 和原位阻抗研究，简要分析了有关 p-n 结形成、层间间距和反应动力学研究的深入研究。此外，在世伟洛克电池中，以 ZCO@Ni-MOF 作为正极，以活性炭作为负极组装了一个不对称超级电容器 （ASC）。这种配置在 225 W ^kg-1 的功率密度下表现出 13.6 Wh ^kg-1 的能量密度。ASC 在 1500 次循环后仍能保持 91% 的初始容量，从而表现出性能。为了进行实际演示，制造并串联组装两个 ASC 以点亮 LED，并分析了点亮持续时间。 对于析氧反应 （OER） 研究，基于 ZCO@Ni-MOF 的电极在碱性环境中表现出 340 mV （50 mA ^cm-2） 的较低过电位，并且负责约 10 小时的稳定性。这种组合重申了储能和转换设备中前景广阔的材料方面，为其潜在应用注入了希望。