Background

Viral infectious diseases have long posed a challenge to humanity. In recent decades, transient receptor potential (TRP) channels have emerged as newly investigated cation channels. Increasing evidence suggests that TRP channel-mediated Ca²⁺ homeostasis disruptions, along with associated pathological changes, are critical factors in the onset and progression of viral infectious diseases. However, the precise roles and mechanisms of TRP channels in these diseases remain to be systematically elucidated.

Aim of Review

The aim of this review is to systematically summarize recent advances in understanding TRP channels in viral infections, and based on current progress and challenges, propose future directions for research.

Key Scientific Concepts of Review

This review summarizes the classification and biological functions of the TRP family, explores the mechanisms by which TRP channels contribute to viral infections, and highlights specific mechanisms at three levels: virus, host, and outcome. These include the direct role in viral biology and replication, the indirect role in host immunity and inflammation, and the resulting pathological changes. Additionally, we discuss the potential applications of the TRP family in the treatment of viral infectious diseases and propose future research directions.

中文翻译：

---

病毒感染性疾病中瞬时受体电位通道的生物学特征和调控机制

 背景

长期以来，病毒性传染病一直对人类构成挑战。近几十年来，瞬时受体电位 （TRP） 通道已成为新研究的阳离子通道。越来越多的证据表明，TRP 通道介导的 Ca²⁺ 稳态破坏以及相关的病理变化是病毒性传染病发生和发展的关键因素。然而，TRP 通道在这些疾病中的确切作用和机制仍有待系统阐明。

 审查目的

本文旨在系统总结了解病毒感染中 TRP 通道的最新进展，并根据当前进展和挑战，提出未来的研究方向。

综述的关键科学概念

本文总结了 TRP 家族的分类和生物学功能，探讨了 TRP 通道导致病毒感染的机制，并强调了病毒、宿主和结果三个层面的具体机制。这些包括在病毒生物学和复制中的直接作用，在宿主免疫和炎症中的间接作用，以及由此产生的病理变化。此外，我们讨论了 TRP 家族在病毒性传染病治疗中的潜在应用，并提出了未来的研究方向。