Adjusting the hole transport layer (HTL) to optimize its interface with perovskite is crucial for minimizing interface recombination, enhancing carrier extraction, and achieving efficient and stable inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, as a commonly used HTL, the self‐assemble layer (SAM) of [2‐(3,6‐dimethoxy‐9H‐carbazol‐9‐yl)ethyl] phosphonic acid (MeO‐2PACz) tends to form clusters and micelles during the deposition process, leading to inadequate coverage of the ITO substrate. Here, a Co‐SAM strategy is employed by incorporating 4‐mercaptobenzoic acid (SBA) and 4‐trifluoromethyl benzoic acid (TBA) as additives into MeO‐2PACz to fabricate a Co‐SAM‐based HTL. The introduced additive can interact with MeO‐2PACz, facilitating cluster dispersion and thereby enabling better deposition on ITO for improved HTL coverage. Moreover, Co‐SAM exhibits superior energy level alignment with perovskite to enhance interfacial contact and improve carrier extraction efficiency as well as promote growth of bottom perovskite grains. As a result, an impressive increase of the power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 21.34% to 23.31% is achieved in the inverted device based on the Co‐SAM HTL of MeO‐2PACz+TBA while maintaining ≈90% of its initial efficiency under continuous operation at 1‐sun.

中文翻译：

---

通过共自组装分子重建高性能倒置钙钛矿太阳能电池的空穴传输层


调整空穴传输层 （HTL） 以优化其与钙钛矿的界面，对于最大限度地减少界面复合、增强载流子提取以及实现高效稳定的倒置钙钛矿太阳能电池 （PSC） 至关重要。然而，作为一种常用的 HTL，[2-（3,6-二甲氧基-9H-咔唑-9-基）乙基] 膦酸 （MeO-2PACz） 的自组装层 （SAM） 在沉积过程中往往会形成簇和胶束，导致 ITO 基材的覆盖不足。在这里，采用 Co-SAM 策略，将 4-巯基苯甲酸 （SBA） 和 4-三氟甲基苯甲酸 （TBA） 作为添加剂掺入 MeO-2PACz 中，以制备基于 Co-SAM 的 HTL。引入的添加剂可以与 MeO-2PACz 相互作用，促进团簇分散，从而在 ITO 上实现更好的沉积，从而提高 HTL 覆盖率。此外，Co-SAM 表现出与钙钛矿的优越能级对齐，以增强界面接触并提高载流子提取效率，并促进底部钙钛矿晶粒的生长。结果，基于 MeO-2PACz+TBA 的 Co-SAM HTL 的倒置器件实现了功率转换效率 （PCE） 从 21.34% 提高到 23.31%，同时在 1-sun 下连续运行时保持其初始效率的 ≈90%。