Mesoporous metal oxides, which combine the high specific surface area of mesoporous materials with the abundant physicochemical properties of metal elements, have shown significant potential in various fields. However, the development of effective methods for the synthesis of mesoporous metal oxide materials has faced numerous challenges, including rapid hydrolysis of metal precursors, difficulties in synthesis process control, and premature crystallization before mesoporous micelles can coassemble. This Review provides a systematic overview of the current synthesis methodologies for mesoporous metal oxide materials, focusing on two key dimensions: mesopore construction (including hard template, soft template, and template-free methods) and skeleton formation (such as the EISA method, the sol–gel method, and the grinding method). Additionally, this Review offers a detailed classification of mesoporous metal oxide materials based on their components. The current major challenges, along with an outlook on future developments in the synthesis methodologies for mesoporous metal oxides, are discussed.

中文翻译：

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 介孔金属氧化物


介孔金属氧化物结合了介孔材料的高比表面积和金属元素丰富的物理化学性质，在各个领域都显示出巨大的潜力。然而，开发合成介孔金属氧化物材料的有效方法面临着许多挑战，包括金属前驱体的快速水解、合成过程控制困难以及介孔胶束能够共组装之前过早结晶。本文系统概述了当前介孔金属氧化物材料的合成方法，重点关注两个关键维度：介孔构建（包括硬模板、软模板和无模板方法）和骨架形成（如 EISA 方法、溶胶-凝胶法和研磨法）。此外，本综述还根据介孔金属氧化物材料的成分提供了详细的分类。讨论了当前的主要挑战，以及对介孔金属氧化物合成方法未来发展的展望。