The application of environmentally friendly and economical aqueous zinc (Zn) metal batteries (ZMBs) is severely limited by critical issues associated with Zn anodes, including dendrite growth, hydrogen evolution reaction and corrosion. Hence, many improvement methods, such as electrolyte additives, mainly focus on the protection of Zn anodes. Herein, owing to the abundance of zincophilic functional groups, aminoglycosides represented by amikacin are introduced as sulfates to solve these problems. The presence of zincophilic functional groups, such as amino and hydroxyl, enables amikacin to effectively replace H₂O molecules, thereby altering the solvation structure of Zn²⁺. Additionally, amikacin preferentially adsorbs on the anode surface and facilitates the formation of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), achieving highly conductive and uniformly deposited Zn anodes. Therefore, the Zn||Zn symmetric cell with the modified electrolyte can work stably with a long cycle lifespan of up to 3300 h at 1 mA cm⁻², 1 mAh cm⁻². It is worth mentioning that the symmetric cells deliver excellent cycle lifespans of 1000 h (5 mA cm⁻², 5 mAh cm⁻²), 790 h (10 mA cm⁻², 10 mAh cm⁻²) and 330 h (20 mA cm⁻², 20 mAh cm⁻²). Besides, the Zn-based full cell, in conjunction with NaV₃O₈·1.5H₂O cathode, also demonstrates exceedingly good cycling stability with a remarkable capacity retention rate of 95.92% after 3000 cycles at 5 A g^-1. More encouragingly, ZMBs supplemented with the other aminoglycoside sulfates, namely gentamicin sulfate (GS) and neomycin sulfate (NS), also show excellent performance, confirming the universality of the improvement by these aminoglycosides.

中文翻译：

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用于超长寿命和高倍率锌电池的嗜锌基团富氨基糖苷类药物


环保且经济的水性锌 （Zn） 金属电池 （ZMB） 的应用受到与 Zn 负极相关的关键问题的严重限制，包括枝晶生长、析氢反应和腐蚀。因此，许多改进方法，例如电解质添加剂，主要集中在 Zn 负极的保护上。在此，由于亲锌官能团的丰富性，以阿米卡星为代表的氨基糖苷类被引入硫酸盐来解决这些问题。亲锌官能团（如氨基和羟基）的存在使阿米卡星能够有效替代 H₂O 分子，从而改变 Zn²⁺ 的溶剂化结构。此外，阿米卡星优先吸附在阳极表面并促进固体电解质界面 （SEI） 的形成，实现高导电性和均匀沉积的 Zn 阳极。因此，Zn||采用改性电解质的 Zn 对称电池可在 1 mA ^cm-2、1 mAh ^cm-2 下稳定工作，循环寿命长达 3300 小时。值得一提的是，对称电池提供了 1000 小时（5 mA ^cm-2、5 mAh ^cm-2）、790 小时（10 mA ^cm-2、10 mAh ^cm-2）和 330 小时（20 mA ^cm-2、20 mAh ^cm-2）的出色循环寿命。此外，Zn 基全电池与 NaV₃O₈·1.5H₂O 阴极配合，在 5 A ^g-1 下循环 3000 次后，容量保持率高达 95.92%。 更令人鼓舞的是，补充有其他氨基糖苷硫酸盐，即硫酸庆大霉素 （GS） 和硫酸新霉素 （NS） 的 ZMBs 也显示出优异的性能，证实了这些氨基糖苷类药物改善的普遍性。