To address the environmental hazards of electrolytic manganese residue (EMR) accumulation and the urgent need for ecological restoration in mining areas, we developed an innovative method for creating pit restoration materials (S-EMRs) using alkaline-excited EMR via mechanical ball milling. Black liquid (BL) was used as a base exciter and EMR as the precursor. With a BL dosage of 35%, alumina as the milling medium, a speed of 500 rpm, and milling for 20–35 min, we achieved an S-EMR compressive strength of approximately 30 MPa after 14 d—six times higher than that in conventional cement curing (C-EMR). This method also stabilized contaminants such as Mn and NH₄⁺ by over 10-fold. The self-cementation and formation mechanisms of the S-EMR were clarified through chemical characterization and geochemical modeling. Over 3 y of monitoring and plant experiments have shown that S-EMR ensured the long-term stability and ecological restoration of mining areas. Remarkably, it enhanced microbial diversity and biophilicity, improving tomato seed germination by over 90% compared with that in control. This study presents a sustainable and innovative solution for the green cycle rehabilitation of Mn mining areas with significant potential for engineering applications.

中文翻译：

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用于矿山修复的活性电解锰渣基环保材料：性能与机理


为了解决电解锰渣 （EMR） 积累的环境危害和矿区生态恢复的迫切需求，我们开发了一种创新方法，使用碱激发 EMR 通过机械球磨制造矿坑修复材料 （S-EMR）。黑色液体 （BL） 用作基础兴奋剂，EMR 作为前驱体。BL 掺量为 35%，氧化铝为研磨介质，转速 500 rpm，研磨 20-35 min，14 d 后 S-EMR 抗压强度约为 30 MPa，比传统水泥养护 （C-EMR） 高 6 倍。该方法还将 Mn 和 NH₄⁺ 等污染物稳定了 10 倍以上。通过化学表征和地球化学建模阐明了 S-EMR 的自胶结和形成机制。超过 3 年的监测和植物试验表明，S-EMR 确保了矿区的长期稳定和生态恢复。显著增强番茄种子的微生物多样性和亲生物性，番茄种子发芽率比对照提高90%以上。本研究为锰矿区的绿色循环修复提出了一种可持续的创新解决方案，具有巨大的工程应用潜力。