Up to now, post‐annealing is most commonly used to post treat the perovskite film to accelerate the ripening process. Nonetheless, the top‐down crystallization mechanism impedes the efficient desolvation of solvent complexes. Thus, residual solvent complexes tend to accumulate at the bottom of the film during the ripening process and deteriorate the device. Here, a new strategy with unique concept is promoted to amplify ripening process of perovskite film, in which a nematic thermotropic liquid crystal (LC) molecular is introduced to facilitate the conversion of solvent complexes by utilizing the liquid crystalline behavior under external field. Upon the concurrent application of thermal and force fields, the covalent interaction between LC and solvent complexes generates a driving force, which promotes upward migration of solvent complexes, thereby facilitating their engagement in the ripening process. In addition, the driving force under external fields assists the flattening of grain boundary grooves. Therefore, film quality is improved efficiently with amplified ripening process and adequately handled buried interface. Based on the positive effects, the devices achieve a champion efficiency of 25.24%, and sustained ≈75% of its initial efficiency level even after undergoing a damp heat test (85 °C/85% RH) for 1400 h.

中文翻译：

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钙钛矿光伏在外场作用下通过共价相互作用驱动力管理溶剂复合物以放大成熟过程


到目前为止，后退火最常用于对钙钛矿薄膜进行后处理，以加速成熟过程。尽管如此，自上而下的结晶机制阻碍了溶剂复合物的有效脱溶剂。因此，在成熟过程中，残留的溶剂复合物往往会积聚在薄膜底部，并使设备变质。在这里，提出了一种具有独特概念的新策略来放大钙钛矿薄膜的成熟过程，其中引入了向列热致液晶 （LC） 分子，通过利用外场下的液晶行为促进溶剂络合物的转化。在热场和力场同时施加时，液相色谱和溶剂配合物之间的共价相互作用产生驱动力，促进溶剂配合物向上迁移，从而促进它们参与成熟过程。此外，外场下的驱动力有助于晶界槽的平坦化。因此，通过放大的成熟过程和适当处理的埋藏界面，可以有效地提高薄膜质量。基于积极效果，这些设备实现了 25.24% 的冠军效率，即使在经过 1400 小时的湿热测试 （85 °C/85% RH） 后，仍能保持其初始效率水平的 ≈75%。