Light emissions from cavitating liquids serve as a diagnostic tool for chemical activity, bubble collapse conditions, or excited species. Here we demonstrate the influence of mechanical stirring on sonoluminescence (SL) and sonochemiluminescence (SCL) emissions emerging in the presence of dissolved sodium salts and luminol in different sonicated liquids. In the systems investigated, driven in the 20–40 kHz range, stirring can change the spatial distribution of blue/white broadband SL emissions and of the orange sodium D-line emission, as well as their relative intensities. In many cases, an amplification of sodium emission is observed under stirring, but striking exceptions appear as well. SCL emission from luminol is mainly quenched by the mechanical agitation. The liquids under study comprise water, ethylene glycol, and phosphoric acid, all with dissolved argon or krypton, and partly xenon. From the stirring-induced changes in sonoluminescence and from high-speed video recordings, we try to draw conclusions on the actual effects of the induced rapid bulk liquid flow on the cavitating systems. Main effects seem to be enhanced gas diffusion and bubble separation or de-clustering, possibly by a separative impact of the stirring flow on populations of smaller and larger bubbles, respectively. As a consequence, large bubbles with extremely bright sonoluminescence flashes appear in phosphoric acid under stirring. Overall, a certain sensitivity of stirring effects on further system parameters has to be stated.

中文翻译：

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机械搅拌对声波发光和声化学发光的影响


空化液体的光发射可用作化学活性、气泡破裂条件或激发物质的诊断工具。在这里，我们展示了机械搅拌对在不同超声处理液体中存在溶解的钠盐和鲁米诺时出现的声发光 （SL） 和声化学发光 （SCL） 发射的影响。在所研究的系统中，在 20-40 kHz 范围内驱动，搅拌可以改变蓝/白宽带 SL 发射和橙色钠 D 线发射的空间分布，以及它们的相对强度。在许多情况下，在搅拌下观察到钠释放物的扩增，但也出现了明显的例外。鲁米诺的 SCL 发射主要由机械搅拌淬灭。所研究的液体包括水、乙二醇和磷酸，所有液体都含有溶解的氩或氪，部分含有氙。从搅拌诱导的声发光变化和高速视频记录中，我们试图得出关于诱导的快速散装液体流动对空化系统的实际影响的结论。主要效果似乎是增强气体扩散和气泡分离或解聚，可能是通过搅拌流分别对较小和较大气泡群的分离影响。因此，在搅拌下，磷酸中会出现具有极亮声发光闪光的大气泡。总的来说，必须说明搅拌效应对其他系统参数的一定敏感性。