Background and Hypothesis Since a prior systematic review and meta-analysis reported an association between psychotic experiences (PEs) and suicidal thoughts and behaviors, a large number of new studies have been published on the topic, including several novel studies on the association between PEs and transition from suicidal ideation to attempt. Study Design Two authors independently searched PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases from inception until July 2023, conducted data extraction, and assessed study quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. Random-effects models were used to calculate pooled odds ratios (ORs) for the association of PEs and subsequent suicide ideation, suicide attempts, suicide death, and transition from suicidal ideation to attempt, first for the total population, and second stratified by age group. Secondary analyses assessed the mediating role of co-occurring psychopathology. Study Results Twenty studies from 18 different samples (n = 81,861) were identified. Individuals who reported PEs had increased odds of subsequent suicidal ideation (k = 12, OR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.65-2.19), suicide attempt (k = 13, OR = 2.95, 95% CI = 2.21-3.94), transition from suicidal ideation to suicide attempt (k = 3, OR = 2.83, 95% CI = 1.60-4.99), and suicide death (k = 1, OR = 4.39, 95% CI = 1.63-11.80). This heightened risk was stable across childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. PEs predicted suicide attempts over and above co-occurring psychopathology (k = 8, OR = 2.85, 95% CI = 2.06-3.95). Conclusions Individuals reporting PEs are at increased risk of all types of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. In addition, PEs are particularly important risk markers for future suicidal behaviors, including in individuals already reporting suicidal ideation. This risk is in excess of what is explained by co-occurring psychopathology.

中文翻译：

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精神病经历和自杀念头和行为的风险：纵向人口研究的系统评价和荟萃分析


背景和假设 由于先前的系统评价和荟萃分析报告了精神病经历 （PE） 与自杀念头和行为之间的关联，因此已经发表了大量关于该主题的新研究，包括几项关于 PE 与从自杀意念到未遂转变之间关联的新研究。研究设计 两位作者独立检索了从建库到 2023 年 7 月的 PubMed、Embase、CINAHL 和 PsycINFO 数据库，进行资料提取，并使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华质量评估量表评估研究质量。随机效应模型用于计算 PE 与随后的自杀意念、自杀未遂、自杀死亡以及从自杀意念到自杀未遂的转变的合并比值比 （ORs），首先是总人口，其次是按年龄组分层。二次分析评估了共存精神病理学的中介作用。研究结果 确定了来自 18 个不同样本 （n = 81,861） 的 20 项研究。报告 PE 的个体随后自杀意念的几率增加 （k = 12，OR = 1.90,95% CI = 1.65-2.19）、自杀未遂 （k = 13，OR = 2.95,95% CI = 2.21-3.94）、从自杀意念转变为自杀未遂 （k = 3，OR = 2.83,95% CI = 1.60-4.99） 和自杀死亡 （k = 1，OR = 4.39,95% CI = 1.63-11.80）。这种升高的风险在儿童期、青春期和成年期是稳定的。PE 预测自杀企图高于同时发生的精神病理学 （k = 8，OR = 2.85,95% CI = 2.06-3.95）。结论 报告 PE 的个体出现各种自杀念头和行为的风险增加。 此外，PE 是未来自杀行为的特别重要风险标志物，包括已经报告自杀意念的个体。这种风险超出了同时发生的精神病理学所解释的风险。