This article studies how airports affect regional growth in population and employment, considering heterogeneity in the circumstances of an airport’s opening. We use synthetic controls with staggered adoption and data on the whole airport system in Norway for 1950–2019. We find positive overall effects of airports on population and employment growth. Addressing heterogeneity, we find relatively strong effects of airports opened in the 1950s, more distant from other airports, with longer runways, or with links to major cities. We also find stronger growth if an airport is opened in a region with a university, college, or hospital.

中文翻译：

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机场和区域发展：1950-2019 年挪威航空网络的扩张


本文研究了机场如何影响区域人口和就业增长，并考虑了机场开放情况下的异质性。我们使用交错采用的综合控制措施和 1950 年至 2019 年挪威整个机场系统的数据。我们发现机场对人口和就业增长有积极的整体影响。解决异质性问题，我们发现 1950 年代开放的机场影响相对较大，这些机场距离其他机场更远，跑道更长，或与主要城市有联系。我们还发现，如果在设有大学、学院或医院的地区开设机场，则增长会更强劲。