The maxillary and mandibular canines are described by many clinicians as the “cornerstone” of the arch. When in their optimal position, they play a critical role in providing a well‐balanced occlusal scheme that contributes toward functional as well as neuromuscular stability, harmony, esthetics, and dentofacial balance. When an aberration is noted with the normal eruptive and development process, early diagnosis with strategic intervention is critical and may often require a multidisciplinary approach. A proper diagnosis, risk assessment, and management of the soft tissues, hard tissues, and adjacent structures are vital for a successful outcome. This review highlights the diagnostic and treatment modalities that require consideration for the orthodontic as well as the periodontal management of impacted canines. The reader is guided through the etiology, diagnosis, prevention, and intervention of clinical cases that were managed with different approaches.

中文翻译：

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阻生尖牙的牙周和正畸管理


上颌尖牙和下颌尖牙被许多临床医生描述为牙弓的“基石”。当处于最佳位置时，它们在提供均衡的咬合方案方面发挥着关键作用，有助于功能和神经肌肉的稳定性、和谐、美学和牙面平衡。当在正常的出疹和发育过程中发现异常时，早期诊断和策略干预至关重要，并且通常需要多学科方法。对软组织、硬组织和邻近结构的正确诊断、风险评估和管理对于成功的结果至关重要。本综述重点介绍了需要考虑的正畸诊断和治疗方式以及阻生尖牙的牙周管理。读者将了解使用不同方法管理的临床病例的病因、诊断、预防和干预。