This work examines how acid site concentration (FT-IR) and strength (NH₃-TPD) as well as pore mouth accessibility modulate the activity of the microporous zeolite ferrierite (H-FER) during the skeletal isomerization of 1-butene to iso-butene. Restricting the accessibility of catalyst pores and strong acid sites is achieved by selective oxidation of residual organic structure directing agent (OSDA) through precise control of calcination conditions. Because this reaction is mediated by catalytically active carbonaceous deposits, residual OSDA affects their formation. This work demonstrates that small amounts of residual OSDA (∼ 0.2 wt%) are beneficial to the reaction under industrially relevant reaction conditions in three ways. Selective poisoning of strong BAS with OSDA nearly halves the amount of dimerization and cracking byproducts and improves catalyst lifetime. Simultaneously, carbonaceous fragments of the OSDA act as coke precursors and help shorten the startup time. Hence, catalyst lifetime may be significantly improved through both optimal pre-treatment conditions and by designing catalysts with an increased number of accessible pore mouths.

中文翻译：

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促进残留有机结构导向剂在铁铁矿骨架丁烯异构化中的作用


这项工作研究了酸位浓度 （FT-IR） 和强度 （NH_3-TPD） 以及孔口可及性如何调节 1-丁烯骨架异构化过程中微孔沸石铁矿 （H-FER） 的活性。通过精确控制煅烧条件，对残留有机结构导向剂 （OSDA） 进行选择性氧化，从而限制催化剂孔隙和强酸位点的可及性。因为这个反应是由催化活性的碳质沉积物介导的，所以残留的 OSDA 会影响它们的形成。这项工作表明，在工业相关反应条件下，少量残留的 OSDA （∼ 0.2 wt%） 以三种方式对反应有益。OSDA 对强 BAS 进行选择性中毒，使二聚化和裂化副产物的量几乎减半，并延长了催化剂的使用寿命。同时，OSDA 的碳质碎片充当焦炭前驱体，有助于缩短启动时间。因此，通过最佳的预处理条件和设计具有更多可接近孔口的催化剂，可以显著提高催化剂的使用寿命。