Inspired by the multi-level structure of grass clumps in nature, a novel filter with plexiform-structured hydrogel interface was constructed using sepiolite-derived silica nanofiber (SiNF) as the supporter and crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol (cl-PVA) hydrogel as the coating. Experimental test, DFT and MD calculations have confirmed that the addition of SiNF can not only enhance oil-water separation efficiency, but also improve the stability of hydrogel coating. The hydrogel interface with excellent stability and superhydrophilic/underwater superoleophobicity can be manufactured on a large copper mesh (1 m × 1.2 m) to achieve large-scale production. The surface-engineered mesh (named cl-PVA/SiNF@Ag-Cu) can be assembled on a self-designed equipment for continuous purification of emulsion wastewater (processing capacity: 576.00 L/day), achieving a high separation efficiency of 99.7 % for complex oily emulsion only under the action of gravity, and can simultaneously recover oils. After being treated under extreme conditions such as strong acid/alkali, high/low temperature (100 °C, 200 °C, and −18 °C), high salt concentration, sandpaper wear, and long-term aging, the surface structure of cl-PVA/SiNF@Ag-Cu filter remains stable. The antifouling, antibacterial, and anticorrosion capabilities of the filter give it the potential for long-term and large-scale purification processes. Planting and breeding experiments have confirmed that purified water is harmless to animals and plants.

中文翻译：

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用于复杂油水乳液大规模纯化和石油回收的稳定多功能水凝胶界面的放大构建


受自然界中草丛多级结构的启发，以海泡石衍生的二氧化硅纳米纤维 （SiNF） 为支撑体，交联聚乙烯醇 （cl-PVA） 水凝胶作为涂层，构建了一种具有有机结构水凝胶界面的新型过滤器。实验测试、DFT 和 MD 计算证实，SiNF 的加入不仅可以提高油水分离效率，还可以提高水凝胶涂层的稳定性。具有优异稳定性和超亲水/水下超疏油性的水凝胶界面可以在大铜网（1 m × 1.2 m）上制造，以实现大规模生产。表面工程网（命名为 cl-PVA/SiNF@Ag-Cu）可组装在自主设计的设备上，用于连续净化乳化废水（处理能力：576.00 L/天），仅在重力作用下对复合油状乳化液实现 99.7% 的高分离效率，同时可回收油。在强酸/碱、高/低温（100 °C、200 °C 和 -18 °C）、高盐浓度、砂纸磨损和长期老化等极端条件下处理后，cl-PVA/SiNF@Ag-Cu 过滤器的表面结构保持稳定。过滤器的防污、抗菌和防腐蚀能力使其具有长期和大规模净化过程的潜力。种植和养殖实验证实，纯净水对动植物无害。