Obesity is a consequence of multiple factors, including genetics, lifestyle and nutritional choices, physical activity, sleep duration, screen time, and mood disorders. These behavioral elements can impair the regulation of energy balance and obesity management that link obesity to a constellation of chronic conditions that lead to a high prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors, metabolic syndrome, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Multidisciplinary therapy is defined as an approach delivered by a multidisciplinary‐trained health team covering at least two components of behavior, physical activity/exercise, dietary habits, and/or psychological counseling associated with clinical interventions. This narrative review summarizes the effects of multidisciplinary therapy on neuroendocrine regulation of energy balance, inflammatory biomarkers, cardiometabolic risk factors, metabolic syndrome, nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases, behavior, and quality of life. We found that multidisciplinary therapy, including medical, nutritional, exercise, and behavioral counseling, and/or education, was useful for addressing outcomes such as visceral adiposity, neuroendocrine regulation of energy balance, inflammatory biomarkers, cardiometabolic risk factors, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and metabolic syndrome. The effects were mediated by improvements in neuroendocrine regulation of energy balance, downregulation of the pro‐inflammatory states, and a reduction in comorbidities. Multidisciplinary therapy also improved mood disorders and quality of life.

中文翻译：

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多学科治疗对青少年肥胖患者能量平衡、炎症和代谢性疾病的影响：叙述性综述


肥胖是多种因素的结果，包括遗传、生活方式和营养选择、身体活动、睡眠持续时间、屏幕时间和情绪障碍。这些行为因素会损害能量平衡和肥胖管理的调节，从而将肥胖与一系列慢性病联系起来，这些慢性病导致心脏代谢危险因素、代谢综合征和非酒精性脂肪肝病的高患病率。多学科治疗被定义为由受过多学科培训的健康团队提供的方法，涵盖行为的至少两个组成部分，即身体活动/锻炼、饮食习惯和/或与临床干预相关的心理咨询。本叙述性综述总结了多学科治疗对能量平衡神经内分泌调节、炎症生物标志物、心脏代谢危险因素、代谢综合征、非酒精性脂肪性肝病、行为和生活质量的影响。我们发现多学科治疗，包括医学、营养、运动和行为咨询和/或教育，有助于解决内脏肥胖、能量平衡的神经内分泌调节、炎症生物标志物、心脏代谢危险因素、非酒精性脂肪肝和代谢综合征等结局。这些影响是通过改善能量平衡的神经内分泌调节、下调促炎状态和减少合并症来介导的。多学科治疗还改善了情绪障碍和生活质量。