Global food and nutritional security, and United Nation's sustainable development goals are facing a serious threat due to climate change and population explosion. Vegetable crops are vital to the human diet and plays a crucial role in combating hunger and malnutrition. But, in face of climate change, one of the urgent challenges to be tackled by the vegetable breeders is to develop the varieties with wider adaptation, high yield and superior quality. The exploitation of heterosis is of utmost value for rapid development of vegetable hybrids to meet the growing demand. The plant male sterility is one of the viable options to accelerate the hybrid breeding. The traditional breeding approaches like backcrossing, interspecific hybridization and somatic hybridization have played a critical role in generation of male sterile lines. Although, the creation and utilization of ideal male sterility systems with neoteric genomics tools like CRISPR/Cas9 or mitoTALEN based genome editing and genetic engineering is becoming successful in speed breeding of vegetable hybrids. This paper provides insights into molecular advances in understanding recessive genic male sterility (RGMS), dominant genic male sterility (DGMS) and cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) systems. This review also focuses on research advancements and breeding accomplishments related to hybrid development utilizing male sterility systems in vegetable crops. The future challenges and potential applications of neoteric molecular tools in developing stable male sterile lines, elucidation of intricated mitochondrial-nuclear genome conflict in vegetable crops and a summary of underlying mechanisms is discussed.

中文翻译：

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基因组学时代用于加速蔬菜育种的雄性不育系统


由于气候变化和人炸，全球粮食和营养安全以及联合国的可持续发展目标正面临严重威胁。蔬菜作物对人类饮食至关重要，在对抗饥饿和营养不良方面发挥着至关重要的作用。但是，面对气候变化，蔬菜育种者需要应对的紧迫挑战之一是开发适应性更广、产量更高、质量更好的品种。优势的开发对于快速开发蔬菜杂交种以满足不断增长的需求具有极大的价值。植物雄性不育是加速杂交育种的可行选择之一。回交、种间杂交和体细胞杂交等传统育种方法在雄性不育系的产生中发挥了关键作用。尽管如此，使用基于 CRISPR/Cas9 或 mitoTALEN 的基因组编辑和基因工程等新基因组学工具创建和利用理想的雄性不育系统在蔬菜杂交种的快速育种方面正在取得成功。本文提供了对理解隐性基因雄性不育 （RGMS）、显性基因雄性不育 （DGMS） 和细胞质雄性不育 （CMS） 系统的分子进展的见解。本综述还侧重于与在蔬菜作物中利用雄性不育系统进行杂交开发相关的研究进展和育种成就。讨论了新生分子工具在开发稳定的雄性不育系方面的未来挑战和潜在应用，阐明蔬菜作物中错综复杂的线粒体-核基因组冲突以及潜在机制的总结。