The confluence of multiple crises has prompted a growing recognition of the need for transformations. Economic systems, including patterns of consumption and production, play a key role in sustainability transformations. The notion that capitalist systems are at the root of current ecological and social crises has led to the emergence of different alternative economic discourses, that seek to address the indirect drivers of unsustainability. In this article, we aim to contribute to moving the debate beyond critiques of capitalism by focussing on the paths of transformation towards alternatives. To this end, we analyse several alternative economic discourses in order to show the breadth of the debate, and to better understand the roles and strategies of various discourses in societal transformation. Seven discourses are included, of which Buen Vivir, Degrowth and Wellbeing Economy are analysed in-depth. This is done through a systematic analysis of literature published between 2015 and 2022, using an enhanced conceptual framework based on the works of Wright (2019) and Chertkovskaya (2022). Our analysis suggests that the discourses represent different modes of transformation, and that these differences exist both between, as well as within the different discourses. We argue that transformations cannot be achieved through single discourses, or modes of transformation. Rather, concerted efforts of different discourses aimed at addressing indirect drivers of unsustainability can provide the multi-faceted processes of societal change, in which they can support and reinforce one another through alliances and mutual learning.

中文翻译：

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反资本主义的变种：替代经济话语中转型战略的系统研究


多重危机的交汇促使人们越来越认识到转型的必要性。经济系统，包括消费和生产模式，在可持续性转型中发挥着关键作用。资本主义制度是当前生态和社会危机的根源，这一概念导致了不同的替代性经济话语的出现，这些话语试图解决不可持续性的间接驱动因素。在本文中，我们的目标是通过关注向替代方案的转型路径，为使辩论超越对资本主义的批评做出贡献。为此，我们分析了几种替代性经济话语，以展示辩论的广度，并更好地理解各种话语在社会转型中的作用和策略。包括七种论述，其中 Buen Vivir、Degrowth 和 Wellbeing Economy 进行了深入分析。这是通过对 2015 年至 2022 年间发表的文献进行系统分析来完成的，使用基于 Wright （2019） 和 Chertkovskaya （2022） 作品的增强概念框架。我们的分析表明，这些话语代表了不同的转变模式，而这些差异既存在于不同的话语之间，也存在于不同的话语内部。我们认为，转变不能通过单一的话语或转变模式来实现。相反，旨在解决不可持续性的间接驱动因素的不同话语的共同努力可以提供社会变革的多方面过程，在这个过程中，它们可以通过联盟和相互学习相互支持和加强。