This article introduces the Tourist Metasafety Framework, integrating state and trait safety for a holistic view of tourist safety. Utilizing LDA, Study 1 analyzed 650 tourist interviews, revealing three dimensions of state safety—physiological, psychological, and ontological—and identifying trait safety as secure attachment. Study 2 explored the influence of the TMF componeents on tourist safety behavior, finding that secure attachment positively impacts safety compliance and participation. Additionally, the three dimensions of state safety serve as parallel mediators between secure attachment and safety behaviors, while the public opinion climate of risk negatively moderates this relationship. This research elucidates the behavioral regulation process of tourist metasafety as "trait safety → state safety → safety response," offering theoretical insights and practical guidance for enhancing tourist safety behaviors and managing negative public opinions in tourist destinations.

中文翻译：

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旅游元安全框架 （TMF）：全面理解旅游安全


本文介绍了旅游元安全框架，将状态和特征安全整合在一起，以获得旅游安全的整体视图。利用 LDA，研究 1 分析了 650 次游客访谈，揭示了国家安全的三个维度——生理、心理和本体论——并将特质安全确定为安全依恋。研究 2 探讨了 TMF 成分对游客安全行为的影响，发现安全依恋对安全依从性和参与性有积极影响。此外，国家安全的三个维度是安全依恋和安全行为之间的平行中介，而风险的公众舆论氛围对这种关系产生了负面影响。本研究将旅游元安全的行为调控过程阐明为“国家安全→安全响应→特征安全”，为增强旅游目的地的旅游安全行为和管理负面舆情提供理论见解和实践指导。