We argue that governments’ decisions to target certain tourist markets must consider both benefits and costs. We design a composite indicator methodology to assess economic benefits, using six classic indicators of market desirability (leadership, dynamism, seasonality, length of stay, expenditure and connectivity), which we complement with two carbon footprint indicators indicative of some of the costs incurred by the planet (CO2e per tourist night and CO2e per tourist trip). We model how target market decisions should change as the weight given to carbon costs changes from zero (current scenario) to 25% and 50% in the set of indicators used to select target markets. Adding carbon data in a cost-benefit analysis makes regional and national markets much more attractive than distant markets due to their low carbon footprints, despite shorter tourist stays or lower expenditures. Our method can inform government strategies to decarbonize while maintaining a clear market focus.

中文翻译：

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平衡经济效益和环境成本：在旅游市场目标中引入碳足迹指标


我们认为，政府针对某些旅游市场的决策必须同时考虑收益和成本。我们设计了一种综合指标方法来评估经济效益，使用市场期望性的六个经典指标（领导力、活力、季节性、停留时间、支出和连通性），并辅以两个碳足迹指标，这些指标表明地球产生的一些成本（每个旅游夜晚的二氧化碳当量和每次旅游旅行的二氧化碳当量）。我们模拟了当用于选择目标市场的指标集中赋予碳成本的权重从零（当前情景）变为 25% 和 50% 时，目标市场决策应该如何变化。在成本效益分析中添加碳数据使区域和国家市场比遥远市场更具吸引力，因为它们的碳足迹较低，尽管游客停留时间较短或支出较低。我们的方法可以为政府的脱碳战略提供信息，同时保持明确的市场重点。