The Usangu basin is a rift basin developed along the Eastern arm of the East African rift system trending in the NE-SW direction. Although the general structures of the basin have been well studied, the structural configuration of the basin and the spatial and depth variations of sediment thickness are still not well known. This study investigates the structures related basement configuration and the variation of sediment thickness within the basin using the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) Digital Elevation Model (DEM), aeromagnetic and gravity data. Results from DEM data indicate a few lineaments on the basin flanks representing the Usangu and Chimala border faults with no structures in the central part of the basin. The aeromagnetic and gravity data highlight three sets of normal and strike-slip faults, most of which trend NE-SW and others NNE-SSW, while a few trends WNW-ESE or NW-SE. Structures on the southwest of the basin reveal complex patterns attributed to the concentration of important tectonic and seismic activities in the study area. The Euler deconvolution and gravity models used to calculate the depth to the basement show that the basement is shallow in the north and south to southwest, and the basin deepens in the northeastern, northwestern and western parts. The findings also reveal that the basin has two grabens, troughs, depression and intrabasinal basement trending in the same direction as the basin configuration. The general thickness of sediments filling the basin ranges from 3 to 4.5 km, with the maximum accumulation of sediments reaching up to 4.8 km in the two depocenters at the south and southwest of the basin. The depth range of the sediments obtained implies that the basin has potential for hydrocarbon exploration with the possibility of natural gas occurrence.

中文翻译：

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东非裂谷系统 Usangu 盆地的地下基底结构及其对盆地结构配置和油气潜力的影响


Usangu 盆地是沿着东非裂谷系统的东臂发育的裂谷盆地，呈 NE-SW 方向。尽管已经对流域的一般结构进行了很好的研究，但流域的结构结构结构以及沉积物厚度的空间和深度变化仍然不为人知。本研究使用航天飞机雷达地形学任务 （SRTM） 数字高程模型 （DEM）、航磁和重力数据调查了与结构相关的基底配置和盆地内沉积物厚度的变化。DEM 数据的结果表明，盆地侧面有一些线，代表 Usangu 和 Chimala 边界断层，盆地中部没有结构。航磁和重力数据突出了三组正常断层和走滑断层，其中大多数走向为 NE-SW，其他走向为 NNE-SSW，而少数走向为 WNW-ESE 或 NW-SE。盆地西南部的结构揭示了复杂的模式，这些模式归因于研究区域内重要构造和地震活动的集中。用于计算基底深度的 Euler 反卷积和重力模型表明，基底在北和南到西南是浅的，盆地在东北、西北和西部加深。研究结果还显示，该盆地有两个地堑、槽、洼地和盆地内基底，与盆地配置的方向相同。填充流域的沉积物一般厚度为 3 至 4.5 公里，在流域南部和西南部的两个沉积中心，沉积物的最大堆积量可达 4.8 公里。 获得的沉积物的深度范围意味着该盆地具有碳氢化合物勘探的潜力，并有可能出现天然气。