Anode‐free manufacturing of solid‐state batteries (SSBs) shows promise to maximize energy density by eliminating excess lithium (Li) and simplifying battery production. However, high reversibility during discharge (stripping of Li) is necessary for long‐lifetime SSBs with a limited Li reservoir. Further, the plastic flow of Li changes depending on the Li thickness, leading to possible differences in discharge performance under stack pressure. This work investigates the pressure‐dependent discharge performance of anode‐free manufactured SSBs with in situ plated Li and compares the performance to that of conventional thick Li foil cells. Distinct stripping behavior is observed at low pressures (0–1 MPa), where Li diffusivity and initial interfacial contact may control accessible capacity, compared to high pressures (3–10 MPa) where mechanical deformation of Li likely governs stripping behavior. Analysis of impedance spectra collected during stripping shows that additional stack pressure delays the formation of deep, as opposed to lateral, voids in the Li anode. These results provide insights to guide the transition from thick Li foil anodes to anode‐free manufactured SSBs.

中文翻译：

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评估固态电池中箔与原位电镀锂金属阳极的压力依赖性放电行为


固态电池 （SSB） 的无阳极制造有望通过消除过量的锂 （Li） 和简化电池生产来最大限度地提高能量密度。然而，放电过程中的高可逆性（Li剥离）对于具有有限Li储层的长寿命SSB是必要的。此外，Li 的塑性流动根据 Li 的厚度而变化，导致在烟囱压力下的放电性能可能存在差异。这项工作研究了具有原位电镀 Li 的无阳极制造的 SSB 的压力依赖性放电性能，并将其性能与传统的厚 Li 箔电池的性能进行了比较。在低压 （0-1 MPa） 下观察到明显的汽提行为，其中 Li 扩散率和初始界面接触可能控制可接近容量，而高压 （3-10 MPa） 中 Li 的机械变形可能控制汽提行为。对剥离过程中收集的阻抗谱的分析表明，额外的堆栈压力会延迟 Li 阳极中深空隙的形成，而不是横向空隙的形成。这些结果为指导从厚锂箔负极过渡到无阳极制造的 SSB 提供了见解。