Introduction:

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a neurological disorder caused by cerebral ischemia and hypoxia during fetal brain development. Early intervention in CP favors medications and therapy; however, detecting early brain development with CP is critical. It is inevitable to thoroughly examine brain-vulnerable regions associated with biological traits (BTs). Variations in BTs were evident in children with CP; however, it is critical to explore the BTs’ impact on the brains of health controls (HC) and CP-disordered children.

Objective:

This study associates BTs with HC and CP children. This study investigates the neurodevelopment of HC and CP underlying BTs. This study establishes a benchmark of BT’s association and HC and CP children.

Method:

The introduced AWG-Net is composed of customized spatial-channel (CSC) and multi-head self (MHA) attentions, where CSC blocks are incorporated at the first few stages, MAH at later stages, and cumulative-dense structures to propagate susceptible regions to deeper layers. The training samples include T1-w, T2-w, Flair, and Sag, annotated with age, gender, and weight.

Results:

The significant results for HC and CP are Age (HC: MAE=1.05, MCS₁₀=85.63, R₂=0.844; CP: MAE=1.16, MCS₁₀=84.79, R₂=0.717), gender (HC: Acc=82.98%, CP: Acc= 82.00%), and weight (HC: MAE=4.65, MCS₁₀=56.30, R₂=0.78; CP: MAE=2.85, MCS₁₀=70.24, R₂=0.82). Vulnerable regions for age are the cerebellar hemisphere, frontal, occipital, and parietal bones in OC and inconsistent in CP. HC and OP commonalities are in the frontal bone and cerebellar hemisphere with HC and discrepant in the occipital and temporal bones for CP. Similarly, gender differences are found for HC and CP.

Conclusion:

Age and gender are marginally less affected by the brain regions vulnerable to CP than weight estimation. T1-w is appropriate for age, weight, and gender. The learned trends are different for HC and CP in brain development and gender while slightly different in the case of weight.

中文翻译：

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关注与脑瘫疾病相关的脆弱大脑区域和生物标志物

 简介：

脑瘫 （CP） 是胎儿大脑发育过程中由脑缺血和缺氧引起的神经系统疾病。CP 的早期干预有利于药物治疗和治疗;然而，用 CP 检测早期大脑发育至关重要。彻底检查与生物特征 （BT） 相关的大脑脆弱区域是不可避免的。BTs 的变化在 CP 儿童中很明显;然而，探索 BTs 对健康控制 （HC） 和 CP 障碍儿童大脑的影响至关重要。

 目标：

本研究将 BTs 与 HC 和 CP 儿童相关联。本研究调查了 BTs 背后的 HC 和 CP 的神经发育。本研究建立了 BT 关联与 HC 和 CP 儿童的基准。

 方法：

引入的 AWG-Net 由定制的空间通道 （CSC） 和多头自（MHA）注意力组成，其中 CSC 块在前几个阶段被合并，MAH 在后期被合并，累积致密结构将易感区域传播到更深的层。训练样本包括 T1-w、T2-w、Flair 和 Sag，并标注有年龄、性别和体重。

 结果：

HC 和 CP 的显著结果是年龄 （HC： MAE=1.05，MCS₁₀=85.63，R₂=0.844;CP：MAE=1.16，MCS₁₀=84.79，R₂=0.717），性别（HC：Acc=82.98%，CP：Acc= 82.00%）和体重（HC：MAE=4.65，MCS₁₀=56.30，R₂=0.78;CP： MAE=2.85，MCS₁₀=70.24，R₂=0.82）。年龄脆弱的区域是 OC 的小脑半球、额骨、枕骨和顶骨，在 CP 中不一致。HC 和 OP 的共同点是在额骨和小脑半球有 HC，而 CP 在枕骨和颞骨方面存在差异。同样，HC 和 CP 也存在性别差异。

 结论：

与体重估计相比，年龄和性别受易受 CP 影响的大脑区域的影响略小。T1-w 适合年龄、体重和性别。HC 和 CP 在大脑发育和性别方面的学习趋势不同，而在体重方面略有不同。