The 99.99% Al used for negative Al electrodes in aluminum-based battery studies is expensive. This is primarily due to the complex challenges associated with fabricating 99.99% Al, particularly the removal of Fe impurities from Al melts. Despite the importance of this issue for the future commercialization of Al-based batteries, it has been largely overlooked. This work accordingly studied the plating/stripping behavior of Al containing 1 wt % iron (Al 1% Fe) as an alternative electrode using conventional ([EMIm]Cl and AlCl₃) electrolyte. Simultaneously, the impact of the surface microstructure of Al 1% Fe on the plating/stripping behavior was examined. The results indicate that the difference in the plating/stripping cycling of Al 1% Fe alloys and 99.99% Al is negligible. Thus, Al 1% Fe negative electrodes could serve as an efficient and commercially viable alternative to 99.99% Al for plating/stripping in Al-based batteries. This is an essential finding because facile and commercial fabrication of Al 1% Fe electrodes is absolutely feasible. The results are further discussed in terms of the impact of the Al surface microstructure (i.e., grain size, defect density, grain boundary distribution, crystal orientation, and intermetallic phases) on plating/stripping behavior. Moreover, this study provides insights into how the interphase layer formed on Al electrodes influences plating/stripping behavior.

中文翻译：

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铝电极的表面微观结构和性能对使用咪唑基电解质的铝基电池电镀/剥离行为的影响


在铝基电池研究中，用于负极 Al 电极的 99.99% Al 价格昂贵。这主要是由于与制造 99.99% 铝相关的复杂挑战，特别是从铝熔体中去除铁杂质。尽管这个问题对铝基电池的未来商业化很重要，但它在很大程度上被忽视了。因此，这项工作研究了含有 1 wt % 铁 （Al 1% Fe） 的 Al 作为使用常规 （[EMIm]Cl 和 AlCl₃） 电解质的替代电极的电镀/剥离行为。同时，研究了 Al 1% Fe 的表面微观结构对电镀/剥离行为的影响。结果表明，Al 1% Fe 合金和 99.99% Al 的电镀/剥离循环的差异可以忽略不计。因此，1% Fe 负极可以作为 99.99% Al 的高效且商业上可行的替代品，用于 Al 基电池的电镀/剥离。这是一个重要的发现，因为 1% Fe 铝电极的简单和商业制造是绝对可行的。根据 Al 表面微观结构（即晶粒尺寸、缺陷密度、晶界分布、晶体取向和金属间化合物相）对电镀/剥离行为的影响，进一步讨论了结果。此外，本研究还提供了对 Al 电极上形成的相层如何影响电镀/剥离行为的见解。