The advancement of p-type conjugated polymers with optimized electrical properties, morphology, and heat tolerance is essential for n-i-p-type perovskite solar cells. Herein, we present a novel conjugated polymer, p-PDT₁₄4-E, composed of alternating units of 4,4,7,7-tetrakis(4-hexylphenyl)-4,7-dihydropyreno[1,2-b:8,7-b′]dithiophene (PDT₁₄4) and 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene. This copolymer was synthesized via a palladium-catalyzed direct arylation polycondensation method. Compared to the corresponding homopolymer p-PDT₁₄4 synthesized by oxidative polymerization, p-PDT₁₄4-E exhibited an elevated highest occupied molecular orbital energy level, facilitating faster hole extraction and enhanced hole conductivity. Additionally, p-PDT₁₄4-E demonstrated an increased glass temperature and a more uniform film morphology. When used as a hole transport material along with the air doping promoter 4-(tert-butyl)pyridinium 1,1,2,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane-1,3-disulfonimide, perovskite solar cells incorporating p-PDT₁₄4-E achieved an average power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.5%, surpassing reference cells using spiro-OMeTAD (average PCE of 24.7%) under identical conditions. Furthermore, p-PDT₁₄4-E-based cells exhibited excellent operational stability at 45 °C and thermal storage stability at 85 °C.

中文翻译：

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用于高效稳定的钙钛矿太阳能电池的基于吡嘊[1,2-b：8,7-b′]二噻吩基共轭聚合物的工程化


具有优化电性能、形态和耐热性的 p 型共轭聚合物的进步对于 n-i-p 型钙钛矿太阳能电池至关重要。在此，我们提出了一种新型共轭聚合物 p-PDT₁₄4-E，它由 4,4,7,7-四（4-己基苯基）-4,7-二氢吡吩[1,2-b：8,7-b′] 二噻吩 （PDT₁₄4） 和 3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩的交替单元组成。该共聚物是通过钯催化的直接芳基化缩聚法合成的。与通过氧化聚合合成的相应均聚物 p-PDT₁₄4 相比，p-PDT₁₄4-E 表现出更高的最高占据分子轨道能级，有助于更快地提取空穴并增强空穴导电性。此外，p-PDT₁₄4-E 表现出玻璃温度升高和更均匀的薄膜形态。当与空气掺杂促进剂 4-（叔丁基）吡啶 1,1,2,2,3,3-六氟丙烷-1,3-二磺酰亚胺一起用作空穴传输材料时，加入 p-PDT₁₄4-E 的钙钛矿太阳能电池实现了 25.5% 的平均功率转换效率 （PCE），超过了使用 spiro-OMeTAD 的参考电池（平均 PCE 为 24.7%）在相同条件下。此外，基于 p-PDT₁₄4-E 的电池在 45 °C 下表现出优异的操作稳定性，在 85 °C 下表现出优异的储热稳定性。