The emission factors and characteristics of pollutants from river vessels are critical for understanding the environmental impact of ship emissions, particularly in inland waterways. However, research gaps remain regarding emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and intermediate-volatility organic compounds (IVOCs) from river vessels. In this study, we collected and analyzed organic vapor emissions, including non-methane hydrocarbon (NMHCs), oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) and IVOCs, from three river vessels under different operating conditions. The results show that the average emission factors of NMHCs, and IVOCs from river vessels are significantly higher than those from ocean-going vessels. Inland waterways’ proximity to residential areas increases the risk of pollutant transport to urban environments, heightening the importance of managing river vessel emissions. Notably, older auxiliary engines displayed higher organic vapor emissions compared to main engines, underscoring the need for better control measures for aging engines. By analyzing the emission characteristics of organic vapors from river vessels, it was found that, unlike other pollution sources where C12 n-alkanes are the major contributors of IVOCs, the contributions of C12-C15 n-alkanes in river vessel exhaust are similar, with C14 n-alkane having the highest contribution. OVOCs constituted more than 50% to ozone formation potentials of organic vapors, while IVOCs were responsible for over 90% of the secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. Given these findings, targeted efforts to reduce OVOCs and IVOCs emissions from river vessels should prioritized to mitigate their environmental impact.

中文翻译：

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在各种操作条件下对内河船舶的有机蒸气排放进行船上测量


内河船舶的排放因子和污染物特性对于了解船舶排放对环境的影响至关重要，尤其是在内河航道中。然而，在河船挥发性有机化合物 （VOC） 和中等挥发性有机化合物 （IVOC） 的排放方面仍然存在研究差距。在这项研究中，我们收集并分析了三艘河船在不同运行条件下的有机蒸气排放，包括非甲烷烃 （NMHC）、含氧挥发性有机化合物 （OVOC） 和 IVOC。结果表明，内河船舶 NMHC 和 IVOC 的平均排放因子显著高于远洋船舶。内河航道靠近居民区，增加了污染物输送到城市环境的风险，从而增加了管理内河船舶排放的重要性。值得注意的是，与主机相比，较旧的辅助发动机表现出更高的有机蒸气排放，这凸显了对老化发动机采取更好控制措施的必要性。通过分析河船有机蒸气的排放特性，发现与 C12 正构烷烃是 IVOC 主要贡献者的其他污染源不同，C12-C15 正构烷烃在河船尾气中的贡献相似，其中 C14 正构烷烃的贡献最大。OVOC 占有机蒸气臭氧形成潜力的 50% 以上，而 IVOC 占二次有机气溶胶 （SOA） 形成的 90% 以上。鉴于这些发现，应优先考虑有针对性地减少内河船舶的 OVOC 和 IVOC 排放，以减轻其对环境的影响。