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N, P co-doped porous biochar supported electron deficient Niδ+ for domino reductive amination and amidation of levulinic acid with nitroarenes to N-substituted pyrrolidones using methyl formate
Journal of Catalysis ( IF 6.5 ) Pub Date : 2024-11-15 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2024.115848
Honghui Gong, Longxing Wei, Qi Li, Fei Wang, Yihan Jin, Xiaojing Zhang, Kexin Guo, Yuan Ma, Xian-Lei Shi

The synthesis of N-substituted pyrrolidones starting from biomass-derived levulinic acid (LA) and nitroarenes is a highly attractive route for LA valorization, but still faces challenges. Herein, we report an electron deficient Niδ+ catalyst (Ni2P/NPCB-600) prepared by doping N and P into coffee biochar using a one-pot carbonization method. Ni2P/NPCB-600 shows outperform catalytic performance compared with the corresponding metallic Ni catalysts (Ni/CB-600 and Ni/NPCB-600) in the domino reductive amination and amidation of LA with nitroarenes. Characterization and controlled experiments demonstrate that the high catalytic activity and selectivity of Ni2P/NPCB-600 are mainly attributed to the formation of electron deficient Niδ+ (Ni2δ+-Pδ-), which could promote the decomposition of methyl formate, and the adsorption and activation of C=O bonds in LA during the domino reactions. Furthermore, Ni2P/NPCB-600 also shows good substrate scope, various N-substituted pyrrolidones can be directly synthesized from LA and different nitroarenes with good to excellent yields (87.5–99 %). This study provides a potential pathway for efficiently producing N-substituted pyrrolidones by adjusting the electron density of Ni.

中文翻译:


N,P 共掺杂多孔生物炭支持缺电子 Niδ+ 用于多米诺骨牌还原胺化和乙酰丙酸与硝基芳烃的酰胺化反应,使用甲酸甲酯生成 N 取代的吡咯烷酮



从生物质衍生的乙酰丙酸 (LA) 和硝基芳烃开始合成 N 取代的吡咯烷酮是 LA 增值的极具吸引力的途径,但仍然面临挑战。在此,我们报道了一种缺电子 Niδ+ 催化剂 (Ni2P/NPCB-600),通过使用一锅碳化方法将 N 和 P 掺杂到咖啡生物炭中来制备。Ni2P/NPCB-600 在 LA 与硝基芳烃的多米诺骨牌还原胺化和酰胺化反应中,与相应的金属 Ni 催化剂(Ni/CB-600 和 Ni/NPCB-600)相比,表现出优异的催化性能。表征和对照实验表明,Ni2P/NPCB-600 的高催化活性和选择性主要归因于缺电子 Niδ+ (Ni2δ+-Pδ-) 的形成,它可以促进甲酸甲酯的分解,以及多米诺骨牌反应过程中 C=O 键在 LA 中的吸附和激活。此外,Ni2P/NPCB-600 还显示出良好的底物范围,可以从 LA 和不同的硝基芳烃中直接合成各种 N 取代的吡咯烷酮,产率从好到极好 (87.5–99%)。本研究为通过调节 Ni 的电子密度高效生产 N 取代吡咯烷酮提供了一种潜在的途径。
更新日期:2024-11-18
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