The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is an important type of protein post-translational modification that affects the quantity and quality of various proteins and influences cellular processes such as the cell cycle, transcription, oxidative stress, and autophagy. Nanomaterials (NMs), which exhibit excellent physicochemical properties, can directly interact with the UPS and act as molecular-targeted drugs to induce changes in biological processes. This review provides an overview of the influence of NMs on the UPS of misfolded proteins and key proteins, which are related to cancer, neurodegenerative diseases and oxidative stress. This review also summarizes the role of modification processes involved in ubiquitination the biological effects of NMs and the mechanism of such effects of NMs through regulation of the UPS. This review deepens our understanding of the influence of NMs on the protein degradation process and provides new potential therapeutic targets for disease.

中文翻译：

---

纳米材料通过影响泛素-蛋白酶体系统发挥生物学效应


泛素-蛋白酶体系统 （UPS） 是一种重要的蛋白质翻译后修饰类型，它影响各种蛋白质的数量和质量，并影响细胞周期、转录、氧化应激和自噬等细胞过程。纳米材料 （NMs） 表现出优异的物理化学特性，可以直接与 UPS 相互作用，并作为分子靶向药物诱导生物过程的变化。本文综述了 NMs 对错误折叠蛋白和关键蛋白 UPS 的影响，这些蛋白与癌症、神经退行性疾病和氧化应激有关。本文还总结了泛素化中涉及的修饰过程的作用、NMs 的生物学效应以及 NMs 通过调节 UPS 产生这种作用的机制。这篇综述加深了我们对 NMs 对蛋白质降解过程影响的理解，并为疾病提供了新的潜在治疗靶点。