Annually, tens of thousands of U.S. children and adolescents are hospitalized with seasonal influenza virus infection. Both influenza vaccination and early initiation of antiviral treatment can reduce complications of influenza. Using data from two U.S. influenza surveillance networks for children and adolescents aged <18 years with medically attended, laboratory-confirmed influenza for whom antiviral treatment is recommended, the percentage who received treatment was calculated. Trends in antiviral treatment of children and adolescents hospitalized with influenza from the 2017-18 to the 2023-2024 influenza seasons were also examined. Since 2017-18, when 70%-86% of hospitalized children and adolescents with influenza received antiviral treatment, the proportion receiving treatment notably declined. Among children and adolescents with influenza during the 2023-24 season, 52%-59% of those hospitalized received antiviral treatment. During the 2023-24 season, 31% of those at higher risk for influenza complications seen in the outpatient setting in one network were prescribed antiviral treatment. These findings demonstrate that influenza antiviral treatment is underutilized among children and adolescents who could benefit from treatment. All hospitalized children and adolescents, and those at higher risk for influenza complications in the outpatient setting, should receive antiviral treatment as soon as possible for suspected or confirmed influenza.

中文翻译：

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流感相关并发症风险较高的儿童和青少年流感抗病毒治疗利用不足 - 美国，2023-2024 年。


每年有数以万计的美国儿童和青少年因季节性流感病毒感染而住院。流感疫苗接种和早期开始抗病毒治疗都可以减少流感并发症。使用来自两个美国流感监测网络的数据，针对年龄 <18 岁且患有就医、实验室确诊的流感且推荐接受抗病毒治疗的儿童和青少年，计算接受治疗的百分比。还研究了 2017-18 年至 2023-2024 年流感季节因流感住院的儿童和青少年的抗病毒治疗趋势。自 2017-18 年以来，当 70%-86% 的流感住院儿童和青少年接受抗病毒治疗时，接受治疗的比例显着下降。在 2023-24 季节患有流感的儿童和青少年中，52%-59% 的住院患者接受了抗病毒治疗。在 2023-24 季节期间，在一个网络内的门诊环境中看到的流感并发症风险较高的人中有 31% 接受了抗病毒治疗。这些发现表明，流感抗病毒治疗在可能从治疗中受益的儿童和青少年中未得到充分利用。对于疑似或确诊流感，所有住院儿童和青少年以及门诊流感并发症风险较高的儿童和青少年，应尽快接受抗病毒治疗。