Though youth living in disadvantaged neighborhoods experience greater risk for poor behavioral and mental health outcomes, many go on to show resilience in the face of adversity. A few recent studies have identified neural markers of resilience in cognitive and affective brain networks, yet the broader network organization supporting resilience in youth remains unknown, particularly in relation to neighborhood disadvantage. Moreover, most studies have defined resilience as the absence of psychopathology, which does not consider growing evidence that resilience also includes positive outcomes across multiple domains (e.g., social, academic). We examined associations between brain network organization and multiple resilience domains in a sample of 708 twins (7-19 years old) recruited from neighborhoods with above-average poverty levels. Graph analysis on functional connectivity data from resting-state and task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to characterize features of intrinsic whole-brain and network-level organization, from which we explored associations with resilience in three domains: psychological, social, and academic. Fewer connections between a brain network involved in self-referential processing (i.e., default mode network) and the subcortical system were associated with greater social resilience. Further, greater whole-brain functional integration (i.e., efficiency) was associated with better psychological resilience among youth with relatively lower levels of cumulative adversity exposure. Alternatively, lower whole-brain efficiency and higher whole-brain robustness to disruption (i.e., assortativity) were associated with greater psychological and social resilience among youth with relatively higher levels of cumulative adversity. These findings advance support for multidimensional resilience models and reveal distinct neural mechanisms supporting resilience to neighborhood disadvantage across specific domains in youth. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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功能性大脑网络组织和对青年邻里劣势的多域弹性。


尽管生活在弱势社区的青少年面临不良行为和心理健康结果的风险更大，但许多人在面对逆境时继续表现出韧性。最近的一些研究已经确定了认知和情感大脑网络中弹性的神经标志物，但支持青少年弹性的更广泛的网络组织仍然未知，尤其是在与邻里劣势有关的情况下。此外，大多数研究将恢复力定义为缺乏精神病理学，这并没有考虑越来越多的证据表明恢复力还包括多个领域（例如，社交、学术）的积极结果。我们在从高于平均水平的社区招募的 708 名双胞胎（7-19 岁）的样本中检查了大脑网络组织与多个弹性域之间的关联。对来自静息状态和基于任务的功能磁共振成像的功能连接数据进行图形分析，以表征内在全脑和网络级组织的特征，从中我们探讨了心理、社会和学术三个领域与弹性的关联。参与自我指涉处理的大脑网络（即默认模式网络）与皮层下系统之间的连接较少与更大的社会弹性相关。此外，在累积逆境暴露水平相对较低的青少年中，更大的全脑功能整合（即效率）与更好的心理弹性相关。或者，较低的全脑效率和较高的全脑对干扰的鲁棒性（即分类性）与累积逆境水平相对较高的青少年的心理和社会弹性增强有关。 这些发现推进了对多维弹性模型的支持，并揭示了支持青年在特定领域对邻里劣势的弹性的不同神经机制。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 （c） 2024 APA，保留所有权利）。