Resilience has been defined as the maintenance or quick recovery of mental health during and after stressor exposure. One popular operationalization of this concept is to model prototypical trajectories of mental health in response to an adverse event, where trajectories of undisturbed low or rapidly recovering symptoms both comply with the resilience definition. However, mental health responses are likely also influenced by other stressors occurring before or during the observation time window. These "background" stressors may affect a person's assignment to a trajectory class. When using these classes as dependent variables to identify resilience-predictive factors, this may lead to false estimates. A new method to build exposure-controlled trajectories based on time courses of stressor reactivity (SR), rather than pure mental health scores, is demonstrated on a data set of 707 initially healthy participants living in Germany (67.33% female; Mage = 29.20, SD = 8.27). SR scores express individual deviations from the sample's normative mental health reaction to observed real-life stressors during the observation time window, thus accounting for individual differences in exposure to background stressors. The resulting trajectory models are plausible. In analyses additionally controlling for background stressors occurring before the observation time window (past life events), low SR trajectories are predicted by the well-documented resilience factor sense of coherence, suggesting construct validity. Further, they are associated with lower odds of developing categorical mental health conditions, suggesting predictive validity. Our study provides the first proof of principle for a refined method to identify predictors of resilience to major stressor events. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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对重大生活事件的适应力：通过控制背景压力源暴露来推进轨迹建模和适应力因子识别。


弹性被定义为在压力源暴露期间和之后维持或快速恢复心理健康。这个概念的一种流行的操作化是模拟心理健康响应不良事件的典型轨迹，其中不受干扰的低症状或快速恢复的症状轨迹都符合弹性定义。然而，心理健康反应也可能受到观察时间窗口之前或期间发生的其他压力源的影响。这些 “背景 ”压力源可能会影响一个人对轨迹课程的分配。当使用这些类作为因变量来识别弹性预测因子时，这可能会导致错误的估计。在居住在德国的 707 名最初健康的参与者（67.33% 为女性;法师 = 29.20，SD = 8.27）。SR 分数表示在观察时间窗口内，样本对观察到的现实生活压力源的正常心理健康反应的个体偏差，从而解释了暴露于背景压力源的个体差异。生成的轨迹模型是合理的。在另外控制观察时间窗口（过去生活事件）之前发生的背景压力源的分析中，通过有据可查的弹性因子相干感预测低 SR 轨迹，表明结构有效性。此外，它们与发生分类心理健康状况的几率较低相关，表明预测有效性。我们的研究为一种确定对主要压力源事件的弹性预测因子的改进方法提供了第一个原理证明。 （PsycInfo 数据库记录 （c） 2024 APA，保留所有权利）。