Characterizing the epidemiology of circulating respiratory pathogens during the COVID-19 pandemic could clarify the burden of acute respiratory infections and monitor outbreaks of public health and military relevance. The US Department of Defense supported 2 regions for influenza-like illness and severe acute respiratory infections surveillance, one in the Middle East through US Naval Medical Research Unit EURAFCENT, and another in Latin America through US Naval Medical Research Unit SOUTH. During 2020‒2022, coinciding with the COVID-19 pandemic, we collected a total of 16,146 nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab samples from sentinel sites in Jordan (n = 11,305) and Latin America (n = 4,841). Samples were tested for SARS-CoV-2, influenza, and other respiratory pathogens. SARS-CoV-2 was the most frequently detected pathogen during 2020; other respiratory pathogens had distinct temporal and frequency distributions according to geographic location. Our findings support the need for continued sentinel surveillance as a vital tool for assessing the burden of respiratory diseases globally.

中文翻译：

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2020-2022 年 COVID-19 大流行期间中东和拉丁美洲的呼吸疾病监测。


描述 COVID-19 大流行期间循环呼吸道病原体的流行病学特征可以阐明急性呼吸道感染的负担，并监测公共卫生和军事相关性的爆发。美国国防部支持了 2 个地区进行流感样疾病和严重急性呼吸道感染监测，一个在中东通过美国海军医学研究单位 EURAFCENT，另一个在拉丁美洲通过美国海军医学研究单位 SOUTH。在 2020\u20122022 年期间，恰逢 COVID-19 大流行，我们从约旦 （n = 11,305） 和拉丁美洲 （n = 4,841） 的哨点收集了总共 16,146 份鼻咽和口咽拭子样本。对样本进行了 SARS-CoV-2、流感和其他呼吸道病原体检测。SARS-CoV-2 是 2020 年检测到频率最高的病原体;其他呼吸道病原体根据地理位置具有不同的时间和频率分布。我们的研究结果支持需要持续进行哨点监测，将其作为评估全球呼吸系统疾病负担的重要工具。