The innovative biodrying-enhanced composting (BEC) process produces highly matured fertilizer within 10 d. To clarify the biodrying-accelerated humification mechanism, structural and molecular variations in humic acid (HA) during BEC were compared to those during 16-d bioaugmented mechanical composting without biodrying. Results showed that BEC produced HA with significantly higher aromaticity and molecular size (p < 0.01). More aromatic skeletons, mainly from biodrying-enhanced lignin decomposition (p < 0.05), contributed to HA aromatization. Reactive phenolic hydroxyls on these skeletons facilitated the binding of other humic precursors, promoting HA elongation. Microbial analysis indicated that Bacillus, Sinibacillus, and Issatchenkia, enriched by drastic heating and dehydration during days 0–3, participated in lignin decomposition. Saccharomonospora, Georgenia, Oceanobacillus, Nigrospora, Kluyveromyces, and Aspergillus contributed to HA elongation during the maturation phase (days 3–9). This study’s findings that biodrying enhanced lignin-related humification pathways by enriching functional microorganisms provides a theoretical foundation for further improving compost humification efficiency.

中文翻译：

---

生物干燥前处理以酚羟基为反应性核心，增强木质素相关途径，以加速堆肥过程中的腐殖化


创新的生物干燥强化堆肥 （BEC） 工艺可在 10 天内生产出高度成熟的肥料。为了阐明生物干燥加速腐殖化机制，将 BEC 期间腐植酸 （HA） 的结构和分子变化与没有生物干燥的 16 天生物增强机械堆肥期间的结构和分子变化进行了比较。结果表明，BEC 产生的 HA 具有显著更高的芳香性和分子大小 （p < 0.01）。更多的芳香骨架，主要来自生物干燥增强的木质素分解 （p < 0.05），有助于 HA 芳构化。这些骨架上的反应性酚羟基促进了其他腐殖酸前体的结合，促进了 HA 伸长。微生物分析表明，芽孢杆菌、Sinibacillus 和 Issatchenkia 在第 0-3 天通过剧烈加热和脱水富集，参与了木质素分解。Saccharomonospora、Georgenia、Oceanobacillus、Nigrospora、Kluyveromyces 和 Aspergillus 有助于成熟阶段（第 3-9 天）的 HA 伸长。本研究发现生物干燥通过富集功能微生物来增强木质素相关的腐殖化途径，为进一步提高堆肥腐殖化效率提供了理论基础。