Extracellular vesicles, small membrane-bound packages secreted by virtually all cells of the body, have become a focus of interest in nephrology over the recent years. After the first characterization of their proteomic and transcriptomic content, scientific attention shifted toward their potential as biomarkers for kidney diseases both as diagnostic and monitoring tools. More recently, researchers have begun exploring whether extracellular vesicles mediate intercellular signaling inside the nephron and between the kidney and other organs throughout the body. Nevertheless, the field of extracellular vesicle research has struggled to translate major findings to the clinical context due to numerous methods to separate extracellular vesicles, yielding fractions of different sizes and varying purity, unclear terminology, and, hence, limitations concerning reproducibility. The International Society of Extracellular Vesicles, therefore, has striven to reduce these barriers by an ongoing initiative to increase rigor and standardization of extracellular vesicle research. The “Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles” guideline is the result of this initiative and, in its now third iteration, provides the most concise suggestions for investigating extracellular vesicles to date. This mini review illustrates the advances made in extracellular vesicle research in nephrology so far using informative examples, outlines the advances made by the former Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles guidelines, and shows what potential using the latest iteration holds.

中文翻译：

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释放细胞外囊泡在肾脏病学中的潜力：MISEV2023 增加了什么？


细胞外囊泡，几乎由身体所有细胞分泌的小膜结合包，近年来已成为肾脏病学关注的焦点。在首次表征它们的蛋白质组学和转录组学内容之后，科学注意力转向了它们作为肾脏疾病生物标志物作为诊断和监测工具的潜力。最近，研究人员开始探索细胞外囊泡是否介导肾单位内部以及肾脏与全身其他器官之间的细胞间信号传导。然而，由于分离细胞外囊泡的方法众多，产生不同大小和不同纯度的馏分，术语不明确，因此，可重复性方面的限制，细胞外囊泡研究领域一直难以将主要发现转化为临床环境。因此，国际细胞外囊泡学会 （International Society of Extracellular Vesicles） 努力通过一项持续的倡议来提高细胞外囊泡研究的严谨性和标准化性，从而减少这些障碍。“细胞外囊泡研究的最小信息”指南是该计划的结果，在其现在的第三次迭代中，为研究细胞外囊泡提供了迄今为止最简洁的建议。本小型综述使用信息丰富的示例说明了迄今为止肾脏病学细胞外囊泡研究取得的进展，概述了以前的细胞外囊泡研究指南所取得的进展，并展示了使用最新版本的潜力。