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Effect of high energy ball milling, heat treatment and spark plasma sintering on structure, composition, thermal stability and magnetism in CoCrFeNiGax (x = 0.5; 1) high entropy alloys
Acta Materialia ( IF 8.3 ) Pub Date : 2024-11-15 , DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat.2024.120569
N.F. Shkodich, T. Smoliarova, H. Ali, B. Eggert, Z. Rao, M. Spasova, I. Tarasov, H. Wende, K. Ollefs, B. Gault, M. Farle

Nanocrystalline (∼10 nm) singe-fcc CoCrFeNiGax (x = 0.5, 1.0) high entropy alloy (HEA) particles with excellent structural and compositional homogeneity were prepared from elemental powders using a single-step, short-term (190 min) high energy ball milling (HEBM) at room temperature (RT). Both HEA powders exhibit paramagnetic behaviour at RT with a small ferromagnetic contribution at low fields (the saturation magnetization Ms= 4.5 Am2/kg – 7.5 Am2/kg; the average Curie temperature Tc = 130 K – 150 K). They are thermally stable up to 1295 K–1305 K despite the low melting Ga (302.9 K). Heat treatment up to 1000 K enhances Ms to 59.9 Am2/kg and Tc to 740 K for the CoCrFeNiGa HEA powder due to an irreversible fccbcc structural transformation, whereas the magnetic properties of CoCrFeNiGa0.5 do not show this enhancement. In-situ TEM heating reveals nanosized σ-phase Cr-rich precipitates (< 50 nm) at 875 K only for the CoCrFeNiGa HEA powder. Spark plasma sintering (SPS) of powders produces homogeneous nanocrystalline bulk HEAs. SPS at 1073 K of the CoCrFeNiGa0.5 powder increased the crystallinity of the fcc phase. Three-dimensional local compositional mapping at atomic resolution by atom probe tomography indicates a homogeneous distribution of all elements. Bulk HEAs exhibit similar magnetic behavior to heat-treated HEA powders. Combining HEBM and SPS yields homogeneous bulk HEAs with low-melting Ga and enhanced structural, composition, thermal stability, as well as improved magnetic properties (Ms = 55Am2/kg and Tc = 750 K), which 45% and 47 K higher, respectively, compared to conventional melting approaches.

中文翻译:


高能球磨、热处理和放电等离子烧结对 CoCrFeNiGax (x = 0.5; 1) 高熵合金结构、成分、热稳定性和磁性的影响



在室温 (RT) 下,使用单步、短期 (190 min) 高能球磨 (HEBM) 以元素粉末为原料制备纳米晶 (∼10 nm) 单模 CoCrFeNiGa x (x = 0.5, 1.0) 高熵合金 (HEA) 颗粒,具有优异的结构和成分均匀性。两种 HEA 粉末在 RT 下都表现出顺磁性行为,在低磁场下具有较小的铁磁贡献(饱和磁化强度 Ms= 4.5 Am2/kg – 7.5 Am2/kg;平均居里温度 Tc = 130 K – 150 K)。尽管 Ga 的熔点很低 (302.9 K),但它们在 1295 K–1305 K 的温度下仍具有热稳定性。由于不可逆的 fccbcc 结构转变,高达 1000 K 的热处理将 CoCrFeNiGa HEA 粉末的 Ms 提高到 59.9 am2/kg,将 Tc 提高到 740 K,而 CoCrFeNiGa0.5 的磁性能没有表现出这种增强。原位 TEM 加热显示,仅在 875 K 下,CoCrFeNiGa HEA 粉末存在纳米级σ相富铬沉淀物 (< 50 nm)。粉末的放电等离子体烧结 (SPS) 可产生均相纳米晶块状高熵合金。CoCrFeNiGa0.5 粉末在 1073 K 处的 SPS 增加了 fcc 相的结晶度。通过原子探针断层扫描在原子分辨率下的三维局部成分映射表明所有元素的均匀分布。块状 HEA 表现出与热处理 HEA 粉末相似的磁性。 HEBM 和 SPS 相结合可产生均质的块状高熵合金,具有低熔点 Ga,并增强了结构、成分、热稳定性以及改进的磁性(Ms = 55Am2/kg 和 Tc = 750 K),与传统熔炼方法相比,分别高出 45% 和 47 K。
更新日期:2024-11-15
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