Due to their high energy density and cost-effectiveness, rechargeable zinc-air batteries (ZABs) are increasingly recognized for their potential as long-duration energy storage solutions. A crucial component for maximizing their efficiency is the membrane separator, which must exhibit high hydroxide-ion conductivity and long-term stability. This study introduces an innovative hybrid composite separator, created by embedding thin-layered molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂), known for its intrinsic negative charge, into a polycationic quaternized PVA-chitosan (CS) matrix. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is functionalized with quaternary ammonium (QA) groups before being combined with CS and MoS₂, using a solvent blending technique. The separator's three-dimensional structure and morphology is analyzed via synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SR-XTM). Results demonstrate that the ZAB equipped with a quaternized PVA/CS/0.5 wt.% MoS₂ composite separator achieved a high conductivity of 87.3 mS cm^-1 and exceptional stability, enduring over 465 cycles. This performance is attributed to the synergistic interaction between the quaternized PVA-CS matrix and the MoS₂ surface, forming robust polymer complexes through electrostatic interactions. These findings suggest that the developed separators hold significant promise for advanced ZAB applications.

中文翻译：

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使用季铵化 PVA-壳聚糖复合隔膜和薄层 MoS2 增强锌空气电池的长期稳定性


由于其高能量密度和成本效益，可充电锌空气电池 （ZAB） 因其作为长时储能解决方案的潜力而越来越受到认可。最大限度地提高其效率的关键组件是膜隔膜，它必须表现出高氢氧根离子电导率和长期稳定性。本研究介绍了一种创新的混合复合隔膜，它是通过将薄层二硫化钼 （MoS₂） 嵌入聚阳离子季铵化 PVA-壳聚糖 （CS） 基质中而制成的。聚乙烯醇 （PVA） 在与季铵 （QA） 基团结合_{之前，使用}溶剂混合技术与季铵 （QA） 基团进行官能化。通过同步辐射 X 射线断层扫描显微镜 （SR-XTM） 分析隔膜的三维结构和形态。结果表明，配备季铵化 PVA/CS/0.5 wt.% MoS₂ 复合隔膜的 ZAB 实现了 87.3 mS ^cm-1 的高电导率和出色的稳定性，可承受超过 465 次循环。这种性能归因于季铵化 PVA-CS 基体和 MoS₂ 表面之间的协同相互作用，通过静电相互作用形成坚固的聚合物复合物。这些发现表明，开发的隔膜为先进的 ZAB 应用带来了巨大的前景。