High-entropy carbides are increasingly favored as electromagnetic wave-absorbing materials because of their customizable structures and distinctive high-entropy effects. Nonetheless, the influence of entropy changes on the absorptive characteristics of high-entropy carbide ceramics remains underexplored. In this work, the impact of increased entropy on the absorption characteristics of stable high-entropy transition metal carbides has been systematically studied. This work prepared three carbides ceramics with different entropy values: (Mo_1/3Nb_1/3Ta_1/3)C, (Ti_1/4Mo_1/4Nb_1/4Ta_1/4)C, and (Zr_1/5Ti_1/5Mo_1/5Nb_1/5Ta_1/5)C. The impact of entropy variation in high-entropy carbide nanowires on their wave-absorbing properties was studied. The results showed excellent electromagnetic wave absorption, achieving a minimum reflection loss of −50.08 dB at 1.8 mm, and demonstrating an effective absorption bandwidth of 4.675 GHz at 1.7 mm. In addition, through detailed structure, morphology, and chemical state characterization, as well as wave absorption capability testing, research indicates that high-entropy carbides can effectively regulate defects by adjusting the size of entropy, leading to lattice distortion, discontinuous lattice fringes, and vacancies. The presence of these defects enhances the polarization loss and balances the excessively high dielectric constant of high-entropy carbide ceramics. Additionally, the design of one-dimensional structures facilitates carrier migration, thereby increasing conductive loss. Collectively, these factors enhance the ability of the samples to attenuate electromagnetic waves. This study lays a theoretical foundation and provides experimental guidance for developing new high-performance materials for electromagnetic wave absorption.

中文翻译：

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具有增强微波吸收性能的高熵过渡金属碳化物纳米线


高熵碳化物因其可定制的结构和独特的高熵效应而越来越受到电磁波吸收材料的青睐。尽管如此，熵变化对高熵碳化物陶瓷吸收特性的影响仍未得到充分探索。在这项工作中，系统研究了熵增加对稳定的高熵过渡金属碳化物吸收特性的影响。本研究制备了三种具有不同熵值的碳化物陶瓷：（Mo_1/3Nb_1/3Ta_1/3）C、（Ti_1/4Mo_1/4Nb_1/4Ta_1/4）C和（Zr_1/5Ti_1/5Mo_1/5Nb_1/5Ta_1/5）C。研究了高熵碳化物纳米线的熵变对其吸波性能的影响。结果表明，该器件具有出色的电磁波吸收能力，在 1.8 mm 处实现了 −50.08 dB 的最小反射损耗，在 1.7 mm 处的有效吸收带宽为 4.675 GHz。此外，通过详细的结构、形态和化学状态表征，以及波吸收能力测试，研究表明，高熵碳化物可以通过调整熵的大小来有效调节缺陷，导致晶格畸变、不连续晶格条纹和空位。这些缺陷的存在增强了极化损耗，并平衡了高熵碳化物陶瓷过高的介电常数。此外，一维结构的设计促进了载流子迁移，从而增加了导电损耗。总的来说，这些因素增强了样品衰减电磁波的能力。 本研究为开发新型高性能电磁波吸收材料奠定了理论基础，并提供了实验指导。