The increasing concern over urban air quality has spurred research into atmospheric pollution, particularly focusing on the substantial influence of vehicle traffic on emissions. This study aimed to elucidate the variation of air pollutants in distinct areas of Fortaleza, a large metropolis in Brazil, utilizing a cost-effective sensor for data collection. Primary data on air pollutants, meteorological conditions, and vehicular traffic were collected at eleven locations within the city. Urban elements such as building height and road classification were also considered. Surprisingly, pollution levels did not correlate directly with traffic volume but demonstrated stronger associations with urban and meteorological factors that affect air circulation and pollutant dispersion. Notably, fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exhibited lesser susceptibility to urban characteristics compared to carbon dioxide, with meteorological variables exerting a more pronounced influence. Furthermore, a correlation emerged between elevated pollution levels and areas characterized by urban canyons, highlighting the pivotal role of urban planning in pollution alleviation. The use of a low-cost sensor proved effective in measuring atmospheric pollution and meteorological data yet expanding the study to include additional variables such as wind speed and direction, as well as road quality attributes, is essential for a comprehensive understanding of this complex phenomenon.

中文翻译：

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巴西福塔雷萨的空气污染动态：探索交通与高层建筑开发的相互作用


对城市空气质量的日益关注促使对大气污染的研究，特别是关注车辆交通对排放的重大影响。本研究旨在阐明巴西大都市福塔雷萨不同地区空气污染物的变化，利用经济高效的传感器进行数据收集。在该市的 11 个地点收集了有关空气污染物、气象条件和车辆交通的原始数据。还考虑了建筑物高度和道路分类等城市元素。令人惊讶的是，污染水平与交通量没有直接关系，但与影响空气流通和污染物扩散的城市和气象因素表现出更强的关联。值得注意的是，与二氧化碳相比，细颗粒物 （PM2.5） 对城市特征的敏感性较低，气象变量的影响更为明显。此外，高污染水平与以城市峡谷为特征的地区之间存在相关性，突出了城市规划在减轻污染方面的关键作用。事实证明，使用低成本传感器可以有效地测量大气污染和气象数据，但将研究范围扩大到包括风速和风向以及道路质量属性等其他变量，对于全面了解这一复杂现象至关重要。