Methane (CH4) is a greenhouse gas, and studying it is essential due to its high global warming potential and significant role in climate change. The present study investigated the spatiotemporal variations of CH4 in five cities (i.e., Ahmedabad, Bengaluru, Delhi, Hyderabad, and Jaipur) of India to better understand its distribution and trends from 2019 to 2023. The study also investigated relationship between CH4 and various parameters such as land surface temperature, spectral indices, meteorological variables, heat flux, and urbanization parameters. In Ahmedabad, it was observed that CH4 was most sensitive to change in Northward Turbulent Surface Stress (NWSS). Jaipur demonstrated a very strong correlation with eastward wind (r = −0.747), while Ahmedabad exhibited a strong correlation with NWSS (r = 0.828) and temperature at 2 m (r = 0.826). The study categorized CH4 concentrations across different land use and land cover classes, revealing distinct spatial patterns of CH4 distribution within urban environments. Spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that Jaipur displayed the highest clustering of CH4 values. This study provides insights that could help policymakers and urban planners implement effective measures to reduce CH4 emissions, supporting efforts to mitigate climate change and its impacts.

中文翻译：

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使用来自 sentinel-5 前体卫星的 TROPOMI 数据分析印度五个城市的甲烷排放


甲烷 （CH4） 是一种温室气体，由于其高全球变暖潜能值和在气候变化中的重要作用，对其进行研究至关重要。本研究调查了印度五个城市（即艾哈迈达巴德、班加罗尔、德里、海得拉巴和斋浦尔）CH4 的时空变化，以更好地了解其 2019 年至 2023 年的分布和趋势。该研究还调查了 CH4 与地表温度、光谱指数、气象变量、热通量和城市化参数等各种参数之间的关系。在艾哈迈达巴德，观察到 CH4 对北向湍流表面应力 （NWSS） 的变化最敏感。斋浦尔与东风 （r = -0.747） 表现出非常强的相关性，而艾哈迈达巴德与 NWSS （r = 0.828） 和 2 m 处的温度 （r = 0.826） 表现出很强的相关性。该研究对不同土地利用和土地覆盖类别的 CH4 浓度进行了分类，揭示了城市环境中 CH4 分布的不同空间模式。空间自相关分析显示，斋浦尔的 CH4 值聚类最高。本研究提供了见解，可以帮助政策制定者和城市规划者实施有效措施来减少 CH4 排放，支持缓解气候变化及其影响的努力。