While ground source heat pump systems offer an energy-efficient means of generating local renewable energy for buildings, they also face challenges, such as ground thermal imbalance and the spatial requirements of the bore field. These problems can be addressed by optimizing the bore field configuration and coupling the system with complementary energy sources. This study explores the relationship between the bore field configuration and the long-term performance of an ambient air-assisted hybrid ground source heat pump system. The hypothesis was that utilizing ambient air as a supplementary heat source effectively reduces the significance of the bore field configuration on the techno-economic performance of the system. Understanding this relationship can aid in designing more efficient systems. This paper presents quantitative effects of bore field layout and borehole spacing on the performance of AAA-GSHP systems, using several different performance metrics. The analysis encompassed various bore field configurations assessed for a traditional and an ambient air-assisted ground source heat pump system using dynamic energy simulations for a 50-year period with IDA ICE software. A key finding was that utilizing ambient air as an additional heat source highly effectively mitigates the effects of the bore field layout and spacing on the techno-economic performance of the system. By decreasing borehole spacing from 15 m to 5 m, the required land area was reduced by 89 % while simultaneously achieving a 25 % higher share of renewable energy production compared to the traditional solution. Depending on the bore field configuration, the ambient air-assisted system achieved a 0–31 % lower levelized cost of energy, 2–52 % lower CO2 emissions, and a 9–58 % higher share of renewable energy production compared to the traditional system. The achieved benefits were particularly substantial with configurations where numerous boreholes were concentrated in a small land area. On average, 40 % of the thermal energy from the ambient air was charged in the bore field, while the remaining portion was utilized directly in the evaporator. The conversion of a traditional system to an ambient air-assisted system can be achieved with a technically straightforward solution that leverages existing technology, increasing the initial investment by only 6 %. The ambient air-assisted ground source heat pump system shows significant potential for applications with a year-round heating demand and limited land area for bore hole installation.

中文翻译：

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使用不同钻孔场配置的传统和环境空气辅助地源热泵系统的比较


虽然地源热泵系统提供了一种为建筑物生产当地可再生能源的节能方式，但它们也面临着挑战，例如地面热不平衡和钻孔场的空间要求。这些问题可以通过优化钻孔场配置并将系统与互补能源耦合来解决。本研究探讨了钻孔场配置与环境空气辅助混合地源热泵系统的长期性能之间的关系。假设是利用环境空气作为补充热源可有效降低钻孔场配置对系统技术经济性能的重要性。了解这种关系有助于设计更高效的系统。本文使用几种不同的性能指标，介绍了钻孔区域布局和钻孔间距对 AAA-GSHP 系统性能的定量影响。该分析包括使用 IDA ICE 软件进行 50 年动态能源模拟，为传统和环境空气辅助地源热泵系统评估的各种钻孔场配置。一个关键的发现是，利用环境空气作为额外的热源可以非常有效地减轻钻孔场布局和间距对系统技术经济性能的影响。通过将钻孔间距从 15 m 减少到 5 m，所需的土地面积减少了 89%，同时与传统解决方案相比，可再生能源生产份额提高了 25%。 与传统系统相比，环境空气辅助系统可将平准化能源成本降低 0-31%，二氧化碳排放量降低 2-52%，可再生能源生产份额提高 9-58%。在将大量钻孔集中在一小块土地上的配置中，所实现的好处尤其可观。平均而言，来自环境空气的 40% 的热能被充入钻孔场，而其余部分则直接在蒸发器中利用。通过利用现有技术，技术简单的解决方案可以实现从传统系统到环境空气辅助系统的转换，初始投资仅增加 6%。环境空气辅助地源热泵系统在全年供暖需求和钻孔安装用地面积有限方面显示出巨大的应用潜力。