A wave energy converter (WEC) comprises many components with distinct functions. The whole WEC system is complicated, as each component is also a complex subsystem. It is challenging to properly model and couple these subsystems to achieve a global simulation of the whole system. This study proposes an FMI-based co-simulation framework to tackle this challenge. Through the use of a co-simulation technique requiring minimal programming effort, a suite of numerical solvers serving for modelling various WEC components is coupled to create a comprehensive system model for a single WEC unit. The modules of the Ansys software, Aqwa and Rigid Dynamics, are employed to model hydrodynamic loads and motion responses. Simulink is utilized to model the power take-off (PTO) system and then integrate all models into a global simulation. The capability and accuracy of the FMI-based co-simulation framework are validated against an experimental heave decay test and verified by cross-comparing a numerical model built in SESAM. Furthermore, the framework is expanded to encompass the modelling of a large-scale wave park that includes multiple WEC units. Based on a novel WEC concept called NoviOcean, two study cases of a single unit and an 18-unit wave park are investigated. Buoy motions and power performance under several regular and irregular sea states are analysed. The hydrodynamic interactions between the units are evaluated quantitatively regarding the power performance. It is found that the interactions improve the power performance, with a maximum increase of up to 36%.

中文翻译：

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基于 FMI 的协同仿真框架，用于波浪能转换器系统的仿真


波浪能转换器 （WEC） 由许多具有不同功能的组件组成。整个 WEC 系统很复杂，因为每个组件也是一个复杂的子系统。正确建模和耦合这些子系统以实现整个系统的全局仿真是一项挑战。本研究提出了一个基于 FMI 的协同仿真框架来应对这一挑战。通过使用需要最少编程工作量的协同仿真技术，将一套用于建模各种 WEC 组件的数值求解器耦合在一起，为单个 WEC 单元创建一个全面的系统模型。Ansys 软件的模块 Aqwa 和 Rigid Dynamics 用于对流体动力学载荷和运动响应进行建模。Simulink 用于对取力器 （PTO） 系统进行建模，然后将所有模型集成到全局仿真中。基于 FMI 的协同仿真框架的能力和准确性通过实验性升沉衰减测试进行了验证，并通过交叉比较 SESAM 中构建的数值模型进行了验证。此外，该框架还扩展到包括包括多个 WEC 单元的大型造浪公园的建模。基于一种名为 NoviOcean 的新型 WEC 概念，研究了单个单元和一个 18 单元的波浪公园的两个研究案例。分析了几种规则和不规则海况下的浮标运动和功率性能。根据功率性能定量评估单元之间的流体动力学相互作用。研究发现，这些交互提高了功率性能，最大提高了 36%。