The identification of appropriate locations for photovoltaic (PV) solar power plants presents a multifaceted challenge that entails a complex interplay of diverse criteria. Algeria, which has a clear advantage in becoming a major player in the field of solar energy production, has in recent years intensified programs aimed at taking full advantage of this potential. Therefore, in order to provide the necessary assistance to the government and all the operators wishing to install photovoltaic systems in this country, this paper aims to present a research methodology that combines Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis, Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) techniques, and off-site measurements to identify the most suitable sites for off-grid PV facilities installation across Algeria. However, before reaching the main objective, a refined digital elevation model (DEM) was developed. In addition, monthly mean values of global daily horizontal and tilted irradiance for a typical meteorological year were calculated, facilitating the mapping of these two quantities over the 12 months. Finally, the annual sum of photovoltaic energy produced by a PV power plant with a total installed capacity of 1MWp was calculated, ranging from 1535MWh/MWp to 2051MWh/MWp per year depending on geographic location. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to evaluate multiple criteria and prioritize the most suitable areas, classifying Algeria into seven distinct grades: “Somewhat suitable”, covering 36.4030% of the total country, followed by “Moderately suitable” at 32.4613% and “Very suitable” at 11.2877%. “Marginally suitable” lands comprise 15.8632%, while “Highly suitable” and “Minimally suitable” areas account for 2.0042% and 1.7342%, respectively. The “Extremely suitable” sites cover the smallest area at 0.2463% and are located primarily in the Southeast and East–Southeast regions. The outcome of this research is an updated Solar Atlas of Algeria and a high-resolution suitability map showing the spatio-temporal variability of PV potential across the country.

中文翻译：

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阿尔及利亚空间优化光伏选址：使用高分辨率数据、GIS 和多标准分析评估太阳能潜力


确定光伏 （PV） 太阳能发电厂的合适位置是一项多方面的挑战，需要不同标准的复杂相互作用。阿尔及利亚在成为太阳能生产领域的主要参与者方面具有明显的优势，近年来加强了旨在充分利用这一潜力的计划。因此，为了向政府和所有希望在该国安装光伏系统的运营商提供必要的帮助，本文旨在提出一种结合地理信息系统 （GIS） 分析、多标准决策 （MCDM） 技术和场外测量的研究方法，以确定最适合在阿尔及利亚安装离网光伏设施的地点。然而，在达到主要目标之前，开发了一个改进的数字高程模型 （DEM）。此外，还计算了典型气象年的全球日水平辐照度和倾斜辐照度的月平均值，有助于绘制 12 个月内这两个量的地图。最后，计算了总装机容量为 1MWp 的光伏发电厂每年产生的光伏能源总和，根据地理位置的不同，每年从 1535MWh/MWp 到 2051MWh/MWp 不等。层次分析法 （AHP） 用于评估多个标准并确定最适宜地区的优先顺序，将阿尔及利亚分为七个不同的等级：“比较合适”，占全国总面积的 36.4030%，其次是“适宜”，占 32.4613%，“非常适宜”，占 11.2877%。「勉强适宜」土地占 15.8632%，「高度适宜」及「最低适宜」面积分别占 2.0042% 及 1.7342%。 “极适宜”地点覆盖的区域最小，为 0.2463%，主要位于东南部和东-东南部地区。这项研究的成果是更新的阿尔及利亚太阳图集和高分辨率适宜性地图，显示了全国光伏潜力的时空变化。