To minimize the dust removal duration associated with tunnel blasting excavation, this study employs on-site measurements and numerical simulations within a railway tunnel to investigate the dynamics of blasting dust during construction. On-site, a dust meter is utilized to monitor the blasting dust in real-time. Utilizing one-dimensional uniform turbulent diffusion theory and numerical simulation, we obtained the total mass of dust present on the surface during tunnel blasting excavation. Building upon the observed diffusion patterns of on-site dust, numerical simulations were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of dust removal in the tunnel using forced, exhaust, and air curtain ventilation methods. Forty-nine sets of orthogonal experiments were established, and, in conjunction with numerical simulation calculations, it was determined that the total amount of blasting dust in the tunnel amounted to 178.1 kg. The orthogonal experimental range analysis revealed that the hierarchy of factors influencing dust removal time was as follows: forced ventilator flow > air curtain flow > exhaust ventilator flow > exhaust ventilator length. From the orthogonal experimental results, the optimal parameters for the forced-exhaust-air curtain dust removal method were identified as follows: the exhaust ventilator length was 4 m, the forced ventilator flow was 26 m3/s, the exhaust ventilator flow was 40 m3/s, and the air curtain flow was 28 m3/s. Under these parameters, the majority of dust in the tunnel was reduced to a safe level within 900 s of initiating blasting ventilation. This investigation into dust removal techniques during tunnel blasting presents a methodology for rapid dust mitigation and serves as a reference for the implementation of on-site dust removal strategies.

中文翻译：

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基于CFD和正交试验的隧道爆破粉尘强制排气风幕除尘措施


为了最大限度地减少与隧道爆破开挖相关的除尘时间，本研究在铁路隧道内采用现场测量和数值模拟来研究施工过程中爆破粉尘的动力学。在现场，使用粉尘计实时监测喷砂粉尘。利用一维均匀湍流扩散理论和数值模拟，我们获得了隧道爆破开挖过程中表面存在的尘埃总质量。基于观察到的现场粉尘扩散模式，进行了数值模拟，以评估使用强制通风、排气通风和风幕通风方法在隧道中除尘的效果。建立了 49 组正交试验，结合数值模拟计算，确定隧道内的爆破粉尘总量为 178.1 kg。正交试验范围分析表明，影响除尘时间的因素层次结构为： 强制通风机流量 > 风幕流 > 排风机流量 > 排风机长度。从正交试验结果中，确定了强制排气风幕除尘法的最佳参数为：排风机长度为4 m，强制通风机流量为26 m3/s，排风机流量为40 m3/s，风幕流量为28 m3/s。在这些参数下，隧道中的大部分粉尘在开始爆破通风后的 900 s 内被减少到安全水平。对隧道爆破过程中除尘技术的研究提出了一种快速除尘的方法，并为实施现场除尘策略提供了参考。