The safety evaluation of tunnel linings after a sulfate attack is an important basis for ensuring the safety of tunnel service time. However, the existing tunnel safety evaluation methods are not specific enough regarding the service time, and the corresponding sulfate corrosion indoor test that does not consider the single-sided corrosion factor. Therefore, in order to evaluate the disease characteristics of the tunnel lining after sulfate attack, a lining safety evaluation method has been proposed with considering the time effect and free surface evaporation effect based on the micro-element-layering method. The key parameters of the safety evaluation model were solved through 420 days of indoor corrosion tests and numerical simulations. Moreover, compared with the test results, the variation law of the lining safety coefficient in the position of the arch foot corrosion and arch foot-waist corrosion was further studied. The results show that: the evaporation sulfate corrosion model of the free surface can accurately reveal the strength degradation mechanism of the tunnel lining, in addition to the temporal and spatial evolution law of the sulfate ions. Moreover, the prediction results of effective strength in the process of safety evaluation were in good agreement with the experimental results. In the stage of tunnel lining corrosion, the decrease in the safety factor of the arch foot corrosion and arch foot-waist corrosion section was slow and then fast within the operation time. The service life of the tunnel depends on the corrosion of the most dangerous parts. The increase in the corrosion area will not reduce the service life of the tunnel.

中文翻译：

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考虑时间效应和自由表面蒸发效应的在役硫酸盐腐蚀隧道安全性评价


硫酸盐侵蚀后隧道衬砌的安全评价是保证隧道服役时间安全的重要依据。然而，现有的隧道安全评价方法对使用时间不够具体，相应的硫酸盐腐蚀室内试验没有考虑单侧腐蚀因素。因此，为评价硫酸盐侵蚀后隧道衬砌的病害特征，提出了一种基于微量元素分层法的考虑时间效应和自由表面蒸发效应的衬砌安全性评价方法。通过 420 天的室内腐蚀测试和数值模拟，解决了安全评价模型的关键参数。此外，与试验结果相比，进一步研究了弓足腐蚀和弓足-腰部腐蚀位置衬砌安全系数的变化规律。结果表明：自由面蒸发硫酸盐腐蚀模型除了能准确揭示硫酸根离子的时空演化规律外，还能准确揭示隧道衬砌的强度退化机理。此外，安全评价过程中有效强度的预测结果与实验结果吻合较好。在隧道衬砌腐蚀阶段，拱足腐蚀和拱足-腰腐蚀段的安全系数在作业时间内呈先慢后快的下降趋势。隧道的使用寿命取决于最危险部分的腐蚀。腐蚀面积的增加不会降低隧道的使用寿命。