About three years after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic disrupting global supply chains, companies increasingly focus on creating supply chains that are resilient to the next disruption. While researchers have developed multiple frameworks and quantitative models for assessing risk in supply chains, the question of how to measure supply chain resilience (SCR) with key performance indicators (KPIs) remains unanswered. This research provides answers on how to measure SCR in the automotive industry. Researchers investigated literature’s perspective through text mining on 195 published papers on SCR and compared that to the industry’s perspective. The Analytical Hierarchy Process is applied to text mining results to find the most suitable combination of KPIs. For the industry data, a conjoint method analyzed via an ordinal regression is applied in interviews. The research reveals that the most important KPIs, according to literature, are lead time variation, OTIF (On time in full), and volume flexibility of suppliers. At the same time, the industry also assigns the greatest contribution to OTIF and volume flexibility, and to the stock level of high-risk parts. This study also investigates the different priorities of OEMs, Tier 1 and Tier 2 suppliers when measuring SCR. Perspectives on how to measure resilience vary within the industry as well as between industry and academia. This research reveals the need for a greater exchange between industry and academia as well as a more structural discussion of resilience KPIs and their application within the industry.

中文翻译：

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衡量汽车价值链上的供应链弹性 — 文献与行业的比较研究


在 COVID-19 大流行扰乱全球供应链大约三年后，公司越来越专注于创建能够抵御下一次中断的供应链。虽然研究人员已经开发了多个框架和定量模型来评估供应链中的风险，但如何使用关键绩效指标 （KPI） 来衡量供应链弹性 （SCR） 的问题仍未得到解答。本研究为如何在汽车行业测量 SCR 提供了答案。研究人员通过对 195 篇已发表的 SCR 论文进行文本挖掘来研究文献的观点，并将其与行业的观点进行了比较。分析层次结构过程应用于文本挖掘结果，以查找最合适的 KPI 组合。对于行业数据，在访谈中应用了通过顺序回归分析的联合方法。研究表明，根据文献，最重要的 KPI 是交货时间变化、OTIF（按时完成）和供应商的批量灵活性。同时，该行业还对 OTIF 和批量灵活性以及高风险零件的库存水平做出了最大的贡献。本研究还调查了 OEM、一级和二级供应商在衡量 SCR 时的不同优先事项。关于如何衡量弹性的观点在行业内部以及行业和学术界之间各不相同。这项研究揭示了工业界和学术界之间需要更多的交流，以及对弹性 KPI 及其在行业内应用的更结构性的讨论。