While the pursuit of sustainable measures to arrest private vehicle usage and externalities continues, poor last-mile connectivity remains a major deterrent for choice riders (car owners) considering the use of public transport. The present study proposes an integrated Bike Taxi-Bus Service (BTBS) system as a solution to last-mile connectivity concerns and investigates the perception of choice riders towards BTBS. The research was carried out in two Indian metro cities, tier 1 (Bangalore) and tier 2 (Kochi), where bike taxi and bus services operate independently, albeit without integration. The study investigates the perception of choice riders in two stages. Firstly, to identify key intervention areas for the development of an integrated BTBS system. Secondly, to develop econometric models for the estimation of choice riders’ Willingness to Pay (WTP) for BTBS attributes and their potential shift in demand towards BTBS. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis was conducted to explore the influence of various attributes on demand shift and to establish appropriate attribute levels to attract choice riders. While intervention areas are identified using Revised Importance Satisfaction Analysis (Revised ISA), Mixed Logit (ML) models are developed to estimate demand and WTP values. Unlike previous studies, intervention areas are identified using factor structure and management schemes. The study demonstrates the application of Revised ISA in attribute selection for econometric modelling. The work identified 50% of the listed attributes as intervention areas and notably higher WTP values of choice riders for BTBS attributes. This indicates the promise of BTBS while emphasizing the need for urgent attention.

中文翻译：

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通过多式联运增强最后一英里的连通性：选择骑手是否喜欢在大都市提供综合自行车出租车-公交服务？


虽然继续寻求可持续措施来遏制私家车的使用和外部性，但糟糕的最后一英里连接仍然是考虑使用公共交通的精选乘客（车主）的主要障碍。本研究提出了一个集成的自行车出租车-巴士服务 （BTBS） 系统，作为解决最后一英里连接问题的解决方案，并调查了选择骑手对 BTBS 的看法。该研究在印度两个地铁城市进行，即一线城市（班加罗尔）和二线城市（高知），自行车出租车和公共汽车服务独立运营，尽管没有整合。该研究分两个阶段调查了对选择骑手的看法。首先，确定开发综合 BTBS 系统的关键干预领域。其次，开发计量经济学模型，用于估计选择骑手对 BTBS 属性的支付意愿 （WTP） 及其向 BTBS 需求的潜在转变。此外，还进行了敏感性分析，以探索各种属性对需求变化的影响，并建立适当的属性水平以吸引选择骑手。虽然使用修订后的重要性满意度分析（修订后的 ISA）确定干预领域，但开发了混合 Logit （ML） 模型来估计需求和 WTP 值。与以前的研究不同，干预区域是使用因子结构和管理方案确定的。该研究证明了修订后的 ISA 在计量经济学建模的属性选择中的应用。该工作确定了 50% 的所列属性作为干预区域，并且 BTBS 属性的选择骑手的 WTP 值明显更高。这表明了 BTBS 的前景，同时强调了紧急关注的必要性。