Characterizing the interaction between meteorological variables such as humidity, wind speed, cloud cover, and precipitation with the atmospheric electric field is vital for improving the nowcast of extreme weather events such as heavy precipitation. With this aim, we provide minute-scale electric field observations in southern Israel. These were taken during low-pressure weather systems in winter, often termed ‘Cyprus Lows.’ We focus only on precipitating (‘wet’) events, where rain was measured at the surface during and after the cold front's passage. The mean |PG| values for ‘wet’ Cyprus Lows are higher (Hundreds to thousands V m−1) compared with the mean fair-weather values (∼100–200 V m−1, and exhibit a sharp and rapid increase of the |PG| of up to tens of V m−1 min−1 during the arrival of the cold front and hundreds of V m−1 min−1 during precipitation. Then, we analyzed selected case studies in detail. The response of the |PG| to thunderstorm clouds, i.e., Cumulonimbus, is an increase to values of thousands of V m−1. The temporal evolution of the |PG| allowed us to identify the type of cloud and its life cycle stage. We suggest that using state-of-the-art 1 Hz measurements of the |PG| and deducing cloud patterns at strategic locations, such as in arid regions like southern Israel, may improve the nowcasting capabilities of localized heavy precipitation events.

中文翻译：

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通过大气电场观测了解以色列南部的强降水事件


表征湿度、风速、云量和降水等气象变量与大气电场之间的相互作用，对于改善极端天气事件（如强降水）的临近预报至关重要。为此，我们在以色列南部提供了微小尺度的电场观测。这些是在冬季的低压天气系统期间拍摄的，通常被称为“塞浦路斯低压”。我们只关注沉淀（“湿”）事件，即在冷锋通过期间和之后在地表测量降雨。均值 |PG|与晴天平均值 （∼100–200 V m-1） 相比，“潮湿”塞浦路斯低压的值更高（数百到数千 V m-1），并且表现出 |PG|在冷锋到达期间高达数十 V m-1 min-1，在降水期间高达数百 V m-1 min-1。然后，我们详细分析了选定的案例研究。响应 |PG|到雷暴云，即积雨云，值增加到数千 V m−1。|PG|使我们能够识别云的类型及其生命周期阶段。我们建议使用最先进的 1 Hz 测量 |PG|推断战略位置的云型，例如以色列南部等干旱地区，可能会提高局部强降水事件的临近预报能力。