This study aimed to alleviate the overestimation of low-level wind speeds at Incheon International Airport in South Korea by employing large eddy simulation (LES) modeling and high-resolution surface data. Simulation and observation data from two days on which potentially hazardous weather conditions near the airport were observed were selected for analysis: 12 August 2020, when strong winds were recorded, and 13 July 2020, when precipitation occurred. To investigate the impact of the horizontal resolution of the model and updated land surface data on low-level wind simulations, this study compared the simulation results of 1 km experiments with both 30-s United States Geological Survey topography and land use data and high-resolution 3-s surface data, including Shuttle Radar Topography Mission digital elevation model topography data and land use data generated by the Korean Ministry of Environment, and 100 m LES experiments with the high-resolution surface data. The observed 10-m wind speed and sonde data near the airport were used to evaluate the model results. Utilizing the updated high-resolution surface data in the 1 km model grid-spacing simulation led to a lower root mean square error and wind speed bias compared to the use of low-resolution surface data. The 100 m experiment incorporating LES modeling with the updated high-resolution surface data further improved the low-level wind simulation results compared to the 1 km experiment using the same high-resolution surface data. In addition to providing more accurate simulations of mean winds, turbulence variations over the airport and the nearby region are better resolved by using high-resolution LES modeling and combined with updated surface data, which are critical for ensuring aviation safety near the airport.

中文翻译：

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水平分辨率和更新地面数据对仁川国际机场航空安全模拟低空风的影响


本研究旨在通过采用大涡模拟 （LES） 建模和高分辨率表面数据来缓解对韩国仁川国际机场低空风速的高估。选择了在机场附近观察到潜在危险天气条件的两天的模拟和观测数据进行分析：2020 年 8 月 12 日记录到强风，以及 2020 年 7 月 13 日发生降水。为了研究模型的水平分辨率和更新的地表数据对低空风模拟的影响，本研究将 1 km 实验的模拟结果与美国地质调查局的 30 秒地形和土地利用数据和高分辨率 3 秒表面数据进行了比较，包括航天飞机雷达地形学任务数字高程模型地形数据和韩国环境部生成的土地利用数据， 以及使用高分辨率表面数据的 100 m LES 实验。使用在机场附近观测到的 10 m 风速和探空仪数据来评估模型结果。与使用低分辨率表面数据相比，在 1 km 模型网格间距模拟中使用更新的高分辨率表面数据导致较低的均方根误差和风速偏差。与使用相同的高分辨率表面数据的 1 km 实验相比，将 LES 建模与更新的高分辨率表面数据相结合的 100 m 实验进一步改善了低层风模拟结果。除了提供更准确的平均风模拟外，通过使用高分辨率 LES 建模并结合更新的表面数据，可以更好地解决机场和附近地区的湍流变化，这对于确保机场附近的航空安全至关重要。