Dust radiative effect imposes pronounced perturbations on planetary boundary layer (PBL) development. In turn, the modified PBL characteristics and circulation fields regulate subsequent dust processes, which have not been explored sufficiently. In this study, parallel experiments are designed to isolate the instant, legacy and nonlinear impacts of aerosol radiative effect on daytime dust storm evolution over the Tarim Basin. During a typical dust storm event, legacy radiative effect is found to dominate dust loading dynamics and modulates mean dust burden by more than 16 % in the central basin and − 41 % in the marginal basin. Specifically, the dust column concentration increases in central regions but decreases in marginal regions. Dust aerosols cause opposite heating rate distributions and PBL structure between the central and marginal regions through altering radiative balance. Dust-induced cooling effect in the marginal regions leads to PBL suppression and attenuates entrainment mixing. Negative net heating also results in lowered potential temperature, elevated air pressure and thus increases their horizontal gradients. Accordingly, wind speeds are amplified through geostrophic and thermal wind effects, which further accelerate deposition rates, and eventually weaken dust suspension. In the central basin, dust plumes stimulate a warm mixing layer and unstable entrainment zone, which inhibit dry deposition removal and favor dust accumulation in the atmosphere. Our study highlights the importance of accounting PBL dynamics and geostrophic balance in quantifying the impacts of preceding radiative effect on subsequent dust evolution.

中文翻译：

---

气溶胶辐射效应的遗留问题主导着白天的尘埃负荷演变


尘埃辐射效应对行星边界层 （PBL） 的发展施加了明显的扰动。反过来，改性后的 PBL 特性和循环场调节着随后的粉尘过程，而这些过程尚未得到充分探索。在本研究中，设计了平行实验来分离气溶胶辐射效应对塔里木盆地白天沙尘暴演变的即时、遗留和非线性影响。在典型的沙尘暴事件中，遗留辐射效应在沙尘载荷动力学中占主导地位，并在中央盆地和边缘盆地将平均沙尘负荷调节了 16 % 以上和 -41 %。具体而言，尘柱浓度在中心区域增加，而在边缘区域降低。尘埃气溶胶通过改变辐射平衡在中心区和边缘区之间引起相反的加热速率分布和 PBL 结构。边缘区域的灰尘诱导冷却效应导致 PBL 抑制并减弱夹带混合。负净加热还会导致电位温度降低、气压升高，从而增加它们的水平坡度。因此，风速通过地转风和热风效应被放大，从而进一步加快沉积速率，并最终削弱尘埃悬浮。在中央盆地，尘羽会刺激温暖的混合层和不稳定的夹带区，从而抑制干沉降的去除，并有利于尘埃在大气中的积累。我们的研究强调了考虑 PBL 动力学和地转平衡在量化先前辐射效应对后续尘埃演变的影响方面的重要性。