Health benefits from access to nature are well known and increasingly cited as a supporting argument for the conservation of biodiversity, particularly in cities. However, calculating the benefits from access to nature in economic terms is challenging due to a lack of data linking benefits, number of beneficiaries, and monetary values. This study used mobile phone ‘ping’ data to estimate the use of large biodiverse green spaces (e.g., metropolitan National Parks) surrounding Adelaide, the World’s second National Park City. This ping data was combined with park user and general population data to calculate a health benefit from access to green spaces for citizens across socio-economic groups in the city. Additional data on health burden costs was then used to calculate reduced health costs from access to nature in 20 metropolitan National Parks by 2,842,503 visitors in 2018–19. Across all socio-economic groups, an estimated AU$140 million worth of reduced healthcare costs was generated through access to biodiverse green spaces adjacent to the city. This is equivalent to around 4 % of the total South Australian healthcare budget. Importantly, citizens from the relatively lowest 40 % of socio-economic areas in the metropolitan area received a disproportionately high reduced health cost from access to public green space, despite the additional private cost of accessing National Parks. This study thus provides an opportunity to frame both health and biodiversity conservation decisions at a city and state scale.

中文翻译：

---

增加边缘城市社会经济群体因获得绿色空间而获得的货币公平和健康福祉


接触大自然对健康的益处是众所周知的，并越来越多地被引用为保护生物多样性的支持论据，尤其是在城市中。然而，由于缺乏将惠益、受益人数量和货币价值联系起来的数据，因此从经济角度计算获取自然的好处具有挑战性。本研究使用手机“ping”数据来估计世界第二大国家公园城市阿德莱德周围大型生物多样性绿地（例如大都会国家公园）的使用情况。该 ping 数据与公园用户和一般人口数据相结合，以计算该市不同社会经济群体的公民使用绿色空间的健康益处。然后使用有关健康负担成本的额外数据来计算 2018-19 年由 2018,842,503 名游客在 20 个大都市国家公园中因接触大自然而降低的健康成本。在所有社会经济群体中，通过使用城市附近的生物多样性绿地，估计降低了价值 1.4 亿澳元的医疗保健成本。这相当于南澳大利亚州医疗保健总预算的 4% 左右。重要的是，尽管进入国家公园需要额外的私人成本，但来自大都市区相对最低的 40% 社会经济地区的公民从使用公共绿地中获得的不成比例的高健康成本降低。因此，本研究提供了一个在城市和州范围内制定健康和生物多样性保护决策的机会。